东海区沙海蜇和浮游动物的分布特征  

Distribution characteristics of Nemopilema nomurai(Scyphozoa:Rhizostomeae) and zooplankton in East China Sea

作　　者：李惠玉[1] 李建生[1] 丁峰元[1] 程家骅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口渔业开放实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2007年第12期1974-1980,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技部公益性研究资助项目

摘　　要：根据2003—2005年夏、秋季在东、黄海进行的大型水母监测调查资料,分析了沙海蜇及其分布区内浮游动物的数量动态分布特点,研究了浮游动物优势种的生态类型及其种间变化。结果表明:夏季沙海蜇主要分布于29°00′—34°00′N海域,秋季主要分布于31°00′—34°00′N海域;3年间,沙海蜇生物量逐年递减、分布范围逐年变小,但并不影响东海、黄海沙海蜇从夏季至秋季具有由东海北部向黄海逐渐移动的特点;沙海蜇分布海域浮游动物的高生物量密集区一般位于沙海蜇中心区的边缘区域;沙海蜇和浮游动物的生物量在空间分布上存在着明显的负相关关系;浮游动物优势种夏季为中华哲水蚤与长尾类溞状幼体,秋季为中华哲水蚤、肥胖箭虫和小齿海樽。浮游动物与沙海蜇的生物量变化有较好的对应关系,浮游动物生物量大小与主要优势种组成可作为分析年间沙海蛰是否暴发的重要参考。Based on the data obtained from the investigations in the summer and autumn of 2003-2005 in East China Sea, the biomass distribution of giant jellyfish, Nemopilema nomurai and zooplankton, and the ecotypes and interspecies changes of dominant zooplankton species were analyzed. The results showed that N. nomurai mainly distributed in the area of 29°00＇34°00＇N in summer, and in the area of 31°00＇-34°00＇N in autumn. From 2003 to 2005, the biomass and distribution area of N. nomurai decreased, although it still transferred from north East Sea to Yellow Sea from summer to autumn. The high biomass of zooplankton was mostly found at the edges of the concentrated region of N. nomurai. There was a negative correlation between N. no- murai and zooplankton in distribution pattern. The main dominant species of zooplankton were Calanus sinicus and macrura larva in summer, and C. sinicus, Sagitta enflata and Doliolum den-ticulatum in autumn. The biomass changes between N. nomurai and zooplankton showed a good correlation, and the level of biomass, together with the main dominant composition of zooplank-ton, could be considered as the important indicators of N. nomurai blooms.

关 键 词：沙海蜇 浮游动物 生物量分布 优势种 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]