北京市婴幼儿家庭养育现状及与体格发育关系的调查分析  

Relationship between family rearing pattern and the physical development of their infants and toddlers in Beijing

作　　者：杨海河[1] 梁爱民[1] 裘蕾[1] 孟杰[1] 张晚霞[1] 王凤芝[1] 武英华[1] 丁辉[1] 滕红红[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院北京妇幼保健院,北京100006 [2]首都儿科研究所,北京100020

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2007年第6期596-598,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：北京市妇幼基金项目(2003A02)

摘　　要：【目的】通过对北京市婴幼儿体格发育和家庭养育现状的调查,分析二者之间的关系,以期发现养育问题,为制定针对性的指导措施提供依据。【方法】采用分层随机抽样的方法,对城郊2 697名3岁以内健康儿童进行体格检查并对其家庭进行问卷调查,调查结果用SPSS12.0软件包进行分析。【结果】北京市婴幼儿家庭在喂养、早期认知刺激和交流三方面低分组比例分别为15.6%、20.1%和13.5%,各年龄段比例不均衡。不同养育方式体格发育指标分析显示：喂养高低分组儿童的体格发育在4～5、6～7、12～17月及24～35月4个年龄段差异存在显著性（P〈0.05）或非常显著差异（P〈0.01）;早期认知刺激和交流高分组在0～3月体格发育指标高于低分组,差异有非常显著（P〈0.01）意义。相关因素相关分析显示：辅食添加时间、种类、换乳期乳量及饮食习惯等是影响婴幼儿体格发育的重要因素,感觉刺激和母子交流是影响早期婴儿的体格发育的因素。【结论】北京市10%～15.6%的婴幼儿家庭在食品转换的关键期喂养方式存在明显不足,须加强针对性指导;适宜的早期认知刺激和交流可促进婴幼儿体格发育。[ Objective] By surveying and analyzing the relationship between family rearing pattern and the physical development of their infants and toddlers living in Beijing city, trying to find out the rearing problems, then figure out resolution aim at these problems. [Methods] By the way of stratified random sampling, 2 697 healthy infants and toddlers living in Beijing city and their family were selected to enter this study. Body weight, length, and head circumference of each child was measured and a questionnaire survey was took for each family. The datas were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 software. [Results] The family percentage of low score on the knowledge of feeding, early cognitive stimulation, and communication was 15.6%, 20.1%, and 13.5% respectively. The difference of physical development index between low and high feeding score family＇s children were significant （P〈0.05） or very significant （P〈0.01 ） in the age group of 4-5 month, 6 -7month, 12 17month and 24-35 month, but was not significant in other age group; The physical development index of both high cognitive stimulation and communication score family＇s children were higher than those of low score family＇s in the group of 0- 3 months old, and the difference between of them were very significant （P〈0.01）. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the time of supplement weaning food, the kind of foods, the milk amount during weaning period, and the feeding customs were the important factors affecting the infants and toddlers physical development. The feeling stimulation, communication between mother and child can promote early infant＇s physical development. [Conclusions] There are problems on the feeding pattern during weaning period. Specified guide were needed for these family. Proper early cognitive stimulation and communication could promote physical development of infants and toddlers.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 体格发育 喂养 交流 认知刺激 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]