听力障碍与听力正常儿童视觉注意技能比较  

The Visual Attention Skills Comparison between Children with Impaired Hearing and Normal Hearing

作　　者：张兴利[1] 施建农[1] 黎明 宋雯 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所 [2]中国聋儿康复中心,北京100029 [3]北京市第一聋校,北京100013

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2007年第12期812-816,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30370489和30670716)

摘　　要：目的:考察听力障碍和听力正常儿童的视觉注意技能。方法:采用Toni智力测验筛选出16名听力障碍儿童和18名听力正常儿童为被试,采用DMDX系统呈现实验材料和记录被试完成视觉搜索任务的反应时和准确率。结果:听力障碍儿童的平均反应时长于听力正常儿童(1272.4±60.3/977.6±51.3,P=0.001);搜索项目大小与被试听力的交互作用及被试听力、搜索项目大小和搜索特征的交互作用均显著(F(2,29)=5.863,P=0.005;F(4,29)=3.14,P=0.017)。结论:听力障碍儿童搜索目标的速度慢于听力正常儿童;两组被试有相似的加工方式,即对单一的颜色特征的搜索进行了平行加工,而对方向和颜色的混合特征进行了系列加工。Objective：In this study,using the visual search task to investigate the difference of visual attention between children with impaired hearing and normal hearing.Methods：Psychometric intelligence was measured using Test of Nonverbal Intelligence（TONI）before the experiment.The two groups of participants were matched in age and IQ.The experimental material was adopted on the standard visual search paradigm,and the stimuli were presented and the participants＇ reaction was recorded through the DMDX system.Results：The comparison was mainly focusing on the processing speed and the processing patterns of the participants in the visual attention task.Hearing impaired children searched the target significantly slower than that of the normal hearing children（1272.4±60.3/977.6±51.3,P=0.001）;there was significant interaction effect between set size and participants hearing status（F（2,29）=5.863,P=0.005）;there was a three way interaction of hearing status,set size and search feature（F（4,29）=3.14,P=0.017）.Conclusion：The speed of the processing of the hearing impaired children is significantly slower than that of normal hearing children;the two groups search the task in a similar processing pattern：parallel search for the color,and serial search for the conjunction features.

关 键 词：视觉注意 听力障碍 视觉搜索 对照研究 

分 类 号：R779.7[医药卫生—眼科] R764.43[医药卫生—临床医学]