城市精神病老人的社会人口与临床特征  

Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Elderly Psychiatric Patients in Urban China

作　　者：梅锦荣[1] 楼玮群[1] 赵介城[2] 张婷婷[2] 

机构地区：[1]香港大学社会工作及社会行政学系 [2]上海精神卫生中心

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》1997年第3期129-133,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

摘　　要：目的：了解城市老人的心理健康问题，描述老年精神病人的社会人口和临床特征。方法：以上海精神卫生中心门诊部初诊的精神病老人（ｎ＝２０３）为对象，用问卷调查和个别面谈的方式，进行研究。结果：求诊者年龄分布与上海老年人口资料并无显著性差异，但教育程度普遍较高，已婚者居多，且女性略多于男性。临床症状以睡眠问题和认知缺损较为显著，而行为异常、情感冷漠、人际关系问题等则不如成年病人之常见。与成年病人相比，最能体现老年精神病人特点的是痴呆症、器质性精神病和妄想症。结论：并无证据显示城市老人的心理健康问题会随着年龄的增加而变得更严重。虽然主诉症状并不以躯体化症状为主导，但精神病的性质却可能与机体的衰退有关。Objective:To examine the mental health problems of the elderly in urban China and to provide information on the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of elderly psychiatric patients. Method:The subjects of this study were elderly patients(n=203) who visited the Shanghai Mental Health Centre for the first time. They were interviewed individually and a semistructured questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: The age distribution of the elderly patients did not deviated significiantly from the population figures. The patients were found to be better educated and mostly married with spouse.There was a slight tendency for females to outnumber males. Compared with adult patients, bizarre behaviour, restricted affects,and interpersonal problems were less frequent among the elderly patients. The clinical diagnoses which characterized the elderly patients were dementia, organic psychosis, and paranoid disorder. Conclusion:There was no evidence to indicate that mental health problems were associated with aging. Although somatic symptoms were not the major complaints, clinical diagnoses of the elderly patients appeared to be related to their physical deterioration.

关 键 词：精神病 老年病人 社会人口特征 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]