广州城区一富营养化浅水池塘的光照特征及沉水植物栽植的对策  

Illumination Characteristic of an Urban Shallow Eutrophic Pond in Guangzhou and the Countermeasure for Submerged Vegetation Planting

作　　者：蔡建楠[1] 潘伟斌[1] 王建华[2] 黄华[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510006 [2]惠州市环境保护监测站,广州惠州516001

出　　处：《四川环境》2007年第6期36-39,共4页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：广州市黄埔区环境保护局资助项目(合同编号:2004440003080404)

摘　　要：沉水植被的重建是富营养化湖泊生态恢复的重要途径，而光照是沉水植物生长的重要限制因子。根据2005年7月和2006年3月对广州市一富营养化浅水池塘水下照度的监测结果，建立水深与光照强度的关系模型，模型通式为I=I0e^-ax。其中光衰减系数d平均为0．1002±0．0097（2005年7月）和0．1190±0．0063（2006年3月）。据此模型计算，监测期间每天仅有9—10个小时池塘光补偿深度大于10cm。在2005年7月和2006年3月每天池塘光补偿深度大于10cm的时间段内。池塘平均光补偿深度分别为29．1cm和28．7cm，距池塘底部分别为24．4cm和16．7cm。池塘底部照度在每天绝大部分时间内不足水面照度的2％。水下照度过低是导致在此类池塘中带水栽种沉水植物难以成功的重要原因。因此，在带水栽植沉水植物前，有必要采取措施改善水下光照条件，以保障沉水植物的生长需要。Reconstruction of submerged vegetation is significant for ecological restoration of eutrophic lakes, and illumination is a main limiting factor for submerged vegetation. Based on the monitoring data of a shallow pond in Guangzhou in July 2005 and March 2006, illumination-water depth model was established with a general expression as I = I0e^-ax. The average values of illumination decay factor ct were 0. 1002 ±0. 0097 （July 2005） and 0. 1190±0. 0063（March 2006） ,respectively. By the model, there were only 9 ± 10 hours every day when the illumination compensation depths exceed 10 cm, and the average illumination compensation depths were 29. 1 cm and 28. 7 cm, being 24. 4 cm and 16. 7 cm from the bottom of the pond, respectively. The illumination at the bottom of the pond was less than 2 % of that on surface most of the day. The inadequate illumination cannot meet the demand of submerged vegetation. It is necessary to ameliorate water quality to improve illumination condition before submerged vegetation planting.

关 键 词：沉水植物 水下照度 光补偿深度 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]