小麦白粒品种抗穗发芽性遗传的初步研究  

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON INHERITANCE OF PRE HARVEST SPROUTING RESISTANCE IN WHITE WHEAT GERMPLASM

作　　者：陈兆夏[1] 蒋国梁[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学小麦品种研究室

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》1997年第3期1-6,共6页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;农业部重点应用基础研究项目

摘　　要：小麦白粒品种抗穗发芽性具有明显的倾母现象，２８个组合正、反交杂种Ｆ１穗发芽率差异显著。不抗×抗和抗×不抗两组杂交组合Ｆ１、Ｆ２的抗穗发芽性表明，Ｆ１代的母体效应在Ｆ２仍能得到保持，抗穗发芽性遗传可能具有倾母遗传特点。白粒小麦品种的抗穗发芽性以多基因遗传为主，但亦有主基因的作用。多数组合的穗发芽敏感性呈部分显性。抗穗发芽性的广义遗传力中等偏高，平均６３０７％。用抗性亲本回交可提高其后代的抗穗发芽性。在小麦白粒抗穗发芽新品种选育中，早、中代选择及回交育种是可行的。To study the inheritance of preharvest sprouting resistance in white wheat germplasm, thirteen white grained wheat cultivars or strains and one red strain were selected as sprouting resistant parents and crossed with susceptible genotypes in Nanjing during 1993 to 1996. Significant differences in sprouting percentage of F 1s between 28 reciprocal crosses ‘resistant×susceptible’ were observed. The averages of sprouting percentages on ears for F 1, F 2 and parents of 9 ‘resistant×susceptible’ and 12 ‘susceptible×resistant’ combinations showed that the maternal effects existed both in F 1s and F 2s, and that there might be the feature of maternal inheritance. In most cases, the sprouting resistance was mainly inherited as a quantitative trait and the susceptability was of partial dominance, while major gene effects were also observed in some combinations. The average of broad sense heritabilities was 63.07% for all the combinations. The sprouting percentage of hybrid progenies was reduced by backcrossing with the resistant parents. It seems that selection in early middle progenies and back crossing would be effective for development of white wheat cultivars with preharvest sprouting resistance.

关 键 词：小麦 白粒种质 抗穗发芽性 遗传 

分 类 号：S512.103.4[农业科学—作物学]