新生儿与学龄儿童屈光状态观察  

A research on the refraction of infants and school age children

作　　者：林柳燕[1] 郝小波[1] 唐忠鲁[1] 谢更新[1] 庞运轩[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西中医学院第一附属医院眼科,530021

出　　处：《中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志》2007年第4期160-162,共3页Chinese Journal of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童屈光状态的发展及相关规律。方法:追踪89例(178眼)儿童,分别对双眼进行散瞳前后远、近视力检查,眼位检查,带状光检影,以及问卷调查生活学习情况。了解从新生儿期至学龄期的屈光变化规律。结果新生儿期,远视+2.50D～+4.00D有123眼,占69.10%;>+4.00D有45眼占25.3%。学龄期,远视≤+0.75D有90只眼,占50.56%。新生儿期远视程度,对正视化进程有一定的影响。新生儿期散光94眼,学龄期散光86眼。轻度散光(≤0.75D)眼数增多,部分散光度数少量增加;散光>1.00D眼数减少。男、女两组及左、右眼平均屈光度变化,均未见显著差异(P>0.05)。结论儿童远视屈光状态具有规律性变化,总的趋势是逐年递减,与性别无关,10岁儿童视力1.0以上,存在+0.25D～+0.50D生理性远视,轻度散光(≤0.75D)眼数有所增多,部分度数少量增加。Objective To investigate the development of refraction in children. Methods The study observed the refractive status of 89 children in infantile stage and at school age. The research included the eye position, near and distant vision, the retinoscopy refraction before and after the instillation of compound tropicamide, and questionaire of life and school work. Results Hypermetropia in infantile stage was ＋2.50-＋4.00D in 123 eyes （69.10percent）, 〉＋4.00D in 45eyes（25.28 percent）. Hypermetropia at school age was≤ ＋0.75D in 90 eyes（50.56 percent）. The refractive power of hypermetropia in infantile influenced the development of emmetropization. The refractive astigmatism were 94 eyes in infantile, and 86 eyes at school age. The number of the astigmatism group of low power （≤0.75D） increased, some diopter increased a little, the number of the astigmatism group of middle power（〉1.00D） decreased. There were no significant differences with gender. Conclusion Hypermetropic refractive error reduced with age. The children of 10-year-old with vision ≥ 1.0, have physiological hypermetropia of ＋0.25D-＋0.50D. The number of the astigmatism group with low power （≤0.75D） increase, some diopter increase a little.

关 键 词：儿童 屈光度 相关因素 

分 类 号：R778[医药卫生—眼科]