不同牙尖斜度可摘局部义齿对基牙位移的研究  

Laboratory study on abutment displacement of unilateral distal-extension dentures with various cusp inclinations of artificial posterior teeth

作　　者：李韶伟[1] 韩栋伟[2] 余金明[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海市静安区中心医院口腔科,上海200040 [2]同济大学附属口腔医院修复科,上海200072 [3]同济大学医学院预防医学院,上海200092

出　　处：《同济大学学报（医学版）》2007年第6期76-80,共5页Journal of Tongji University(Medical Science)

摘　　要：目的研究不同牙尖斜度的可摘局部义齿对基牙各方向位移的影响。方法运用下颌牙列完整,上颌左第一、第二磨牙缺失的塑料实验模型,并在模型上模拟制作牙周膜及牙槽骨粘膜,制作三种人工牙牙尖斜度分别为0°、28°和33°的可摘局部义齿。分别在左侧后牙区放置长(Lo)、短(Sh)食物片的咬合状态下,负载3 kg、5 kg7、kg咬合力时,用高精度半导体激光位移测量仪测量并计算出同侧基牙在近远中向、颊舌向的水平位移和倾斜、垂直向的位移和水平旋转,统计分析不同牙尖斜度对基牙位移的影响。结果左上第一、第二前磨牙在左侧咬合短食物片时,不同牙尖斜度的义齿引起基牙在各方向上的位移量的差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。左上第一、第二前磨牙在左侧咬合长食物片时,不同牙尖斜度的义齿引起基牙在各方向上的位移量的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)或有高度统计学意义(P<0.01);左上第一、第二前磨牙在各方向上的位移量随着咬合负载的增大而增大,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)或者差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论当肯氏Ⅱ类缺损时,采用可摘局部义齿修复,缺损同侧基牙在各方向上的位移量随着人工牙牙尖斜度的增大而增大;缺损同侧基牙在各方向上的位移量随着义齿咬合负载的增大而增大。Objective To study the influence of three kinds of cusp inclination of removable partial dentures （RPDs） on the abutment movement. Methods The model with an intact mandible and a maxilla without unilateral molars were used and periodontal membrane and oral mucosa were simulated. Three RPDs were fabricated respectively with cusp inclinations of 0°, 28°, and 33°. Place short and long food chips in posterior occlusion of unilateral left side. When the masticated load was 3,5, 7 kg, the displacement of abutments was measured by a LB-high sensitive laser transferring detector to calculate displacement, inclination and torsion of the abut-ment in mesial-distal, labial lingual and vertical and horizontal directions. Results When the short food chips were masticated in the left side of RPDs with three kinds of different cusp inclination of artificial teeth, the displacement, inclination and torsion of abutment of the left maxillary first and second bicuspid in three axes had no significant differences in statistics （P 〉0.05）. When the long food chips were masticated in the left side of RPDs with three kinds of different cusp inclination of artificial teeth, the displacement, inelination and torsion of abutment of the left maxillary first, second bicuspid in three axes had significant differences in statistics （P〈 0.05）, or （P 〈 0.01 ）. Abutment displacement would increase by some degree with the increase of the loading. （ P 〈 0.05）, or （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Abutments displacement can be reduced by reducing cusp inclination of artificial teeth. Abutments displacement would increase to some degree with the increase of the loading.

关 键 词：基牙 位移 牙尖斜度 可摘局部义齿 

分 类 号：R783.6[医药卫生—口腔医学]