壳聚糖对8种植物病原真菌的抑制活性探讨  

The inhibition activities of chitosan on 8 kinds of plant pathogen

作　　者：赵进成[1] 后家衡[1] 杨宝峰[1] 蒋冬花[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2007年第6期449-453,共5页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(y306172);浙江省科技计划项目(2007C32004)

摘　　要：以8种植物病原真菌为试验材料，研究了离体条件下不同浓度的壳聚糖处理对植物病原真菌的抑制活性和抑菌持效时间。结果表明，壳聚糖对8种植物病原真菌的菌落形态结构、菌丝生长和繁殖等均有一定的影响。当壳聚糖浓度≥0．2000％时，除葡萄炭疽病菌外，其他7种植物病原真菌的生长都受到了显著抑制（P〈0．05）；在0．0750％-0．5000％浓度范围内，浓度越高抑菌效果越明显，但抑菌强弱与浓度不成正比关系；而浓度≤0．0750％时对葡萄炭疽病菌的生长具有促进作用。浓度〈0．2000％壳聚糖处理抑菌持效时间短，抑菌率下降快；浓度≥0．2％壳聚糖处理抑菌持效时间长，抑菌率下降慢，并且在144h内抑菌率一直保持较高水平。另外还测定了壳聚糖对8种植物病原真菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC），不同真菌的MIC从0．3％到〉0．5％。试验结果表明壳聚糖对植物病原真菌抑制活性受浓度、时间和病原真菌种类等因素影响。The antifungal activities and ageing of chitosans with different concentrations on eight kinds of pathogens were investigated in vitro. It was found that the chitosan had a direct effect on the morphology, growth and propagate of the chitosan-treated pathogens. When concentration of chitosan was ≥0.2%, growth of 7 pathogens showed significant difference （P 〈 0.05） compared with the control except for CoUetotrichum gloeospotioides. The antifungal activities increased as the chitosan concentrations gradually varied from 0. 0750% to 0. 5000%. The higher concentration was, the more remarkable effect of antifungal activity was; but there wasn＇ t a linear correlation between them; the growth of CoUetotrichum gloeospotioides was accelerated at concentration of ≤ 0.0750%. When concentration of chitosan was lower than 0. 2000%, the antifungal effect of chitosan just kept a short time, moreover, the antifungal rate decreased quickly. When concentration of chitosan was more than 0.2000%, the contrary results were obtained, and the long-time fungicidal efficacy could be kept for 144h at higher level. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） of the 8 fungi were tested, ranging from 0.3% to〉 0.5% depending on the fungi species. In the present study, the antifungal activties of chitosan was affected by its concentrations, time and the fungi species.

关 键 词：壳聚糖 病原真菌 最低抑菌浓度 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]