吉林省不同年代育成大豆品种某些农艺性状的变化  

Study on some agronomic traits of soybean cultivars with year of release in Jilin province

作　　者：田伟华[1] 徐克章[1] 邴鑫[1] 翟俊峰[1] 张治安[1] 陈展宇[1] 武志海[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2007年第4期397-401,共5页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(30370862)

摘　　要：两年来对吉林省1923～2005年生产上主推的16个大豆品种的生物量、产量、收获指数以及种子蛋白质、脂肪含量的研究表明：大豆植株的生物量从苗期到R6期逐渐增加，R6期达到最大值，然后下降，老品种比现代品种下降速度快。大豆品种的生物量、产量和收获指数均随育成年代呈线性增加，其中产量和收获指数平均每年分别增加14．84kg／hm^2（1．27％）和0．23％。种子脂肪含量随育成年代增加，平均每年增加0．04％；而蛋白质含量随年代降低，平均每年下降0．06％。产量与生物量和收获指数呈显著正相关（P〈0．05）；与种子脂肪含量呈正相关，与蛋白质含量呈负相关，但不显著。本文结果表明，大豆育种工作者以高产为选择目标的同时使生物量和收获指数得到提高。生物量和收获指数可以作为高产品种选育的指标。In order to investigate changes of yield, harvest index, biomass,seed fat content and seed protein content, sixteen soybean cultivars planted popularly under field trial were studied in Jilin province. The result indicated that biomass of soybean cultivars increased to a maximum around R6 and then declined. Biomassof old cultivars declined faster than the modern ones. The modern cultivars had greater biomass than old ones. Biomass,seed yield and harvest index increased with the year of released. The annual yield improvement was 14. 90kg·hm^-2,and the annual harvest index increased 0. 23%. The fat content levels increased （0.04%） accompanied by seed protein content reduce （0.06%） with the year of released. The increase in seed yield was significantly correlated with the increase of HI and biomass. However, positive correlation with seed fat content and negative correlation with seed protein content, were not unobvious. The results show genetic improvement of soybean yield had led to biomass and harvest index increase. Biomass and HI can be considered as two important indexes to improve soybean yield.

关 键 词：大豆 生物量 产量 脂肪含量 蛋白质含量 

分 类 号：S565.101[农业科学—作物学]