分离大豆蛋白对幼建鲤生长性能及肠道的影响  

Effects of soybean protein isolate on growth performance and intestine of Cyprinus carpio var.jian juveniles

作　　者：张锦秀[1,2] 周小秋[1,2] 倪学勤[2] 刘扬[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,四川雅安625014 [2]教育部动物抗病营养重点实验室,四川农业大学,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《水产学报》2008年第1期84-91,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：教育部长江学者创新团队发展计划(IRT0555);四川省杰出青年学科带头人培养基金;四川省教育厅重点项目(2005A022);四川省科技厅应用基础项目(05JY029-031-2)

摘　　要：选择体重为（11．34±0．16）g健康建鲤720尾，平均分成5组，每组3个重复，分别饲喂分离大豆蛋白代替白鱼粉蛋白0、40％、60％、80％和100％的等氮饲料，进行为期9周的生长试验，探讨对其生长性能及肠道的影响。结果表明，与全鱼粉蛋白组相比，当替代60％～100％时，增重、特定生长率、采食量、肠重、肠长和前肠后肠皱襞高度显著降低（P〈0．05），饲料系数显著升高；同时，前、后肠出现上皮顶端细胞脱落、固有层变宽且其中白细胞数量增多等病理症状；当替代80％～100％时，中肠后肠溶菌酶含量显著升高，而中肠、后肠抗体水平分别于替代60％～80％和60％时显著升高（P〈0．05），之后则相对降低。由此可知，与白鱼粉相比，分离大豆蛋白降低幼建鲤生长性能；高比例替代导致肠道生长发育受阻、上皮完整性受损；肠黏膜受损的原因涉及肠道非特异性和特异性免疫反应的变化；以饲料系数为衡量指标所确定的分离大豆蛋白在幼建鲤饲料中代替白鱼粉蛋白的适宜比例为40％。To study the effects of soybean protein isolate （SPI） on growth performance and intestines of juvenile Jian carps （Cyprinus carpio var. jian）, 720 fish with initial body weight of （11.34±0.16） g were averagely allocated to 5 groups with 3 replications, feeding isonitrogenous diets with white fish meal protein replaced by 0, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% SPI protein respectively for 9 weeks. The results showed that weight gain, SGR, feed intake, intestine weight, intestine length, height of proximal and distal intestinal folds were significantly decreased while feed coefficient increased at the 60%-100% substitution （P〈0.05）, and it was accompanied by pathological disruption of the proximal and distal intestines including sloughing of epithelium tip, widening of lamina propria and increasing amounts of leukocytes in it. At the 60%-100% replacement, lysozyme content of middle and distal intestines increased （P〈0.05） compaired to that of sole fish meal protein group; while corresponding antibody level was respectively increased （P〈0.05） when 60%-80% and 60% fishmeal protein was replaced, followed by relative significant decrease at higher substitution. It is concluded that SPI has negative effect on growth performance of juvenile Jian carps when compared to white fish meal, and high level dietary SPI suppresses intestine growth and disrupts intestine mucosal. Pathological disruption of intestinal mucosal involved changes of intestine non-specific and specific immune induced by SPI. In a diet for juvenile Jian carps, SPI can be used to replace 40% of fish meal protein without negative effect on feed utilization.

关 键 词：建鲤 分离大豆蛋白 生长性能 肠道 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]