湿地芦苇对有毒重金属元素的抗性及吸收和累积  

Resistance and Toxic Heavy Metal Uptake and Accumulation by Phragmites Australis in a Wetland

作　　者：董志成[1] 鲍征宇[2] 谢淑云[2] 严森[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学研究生院 [2]中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《地质科技情报》2008年第1期80-84,共5页Geological Science and Technology Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40502029)

摘　　要：通过对大冶市铜绿山铜矿区人工湿地中芦苇的野外调查和Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr5种有毒重金属元素的测试分析发现,该区芦苇对有毒重金属元素具有良好的抗性。同时,该湿地芦苇对5种重金属元素的吸收和累积表现出两种不同的模式:①芦苇植物体内Zn、Cu、Cd质量分数及分配百分比表现为根>叶>茎,且根组织中Zn、Cu、Cd的质量分数及分配百分比远远高于其他组织(茎、叶),而叶组织中略高于茎组织;②芦苇体内Pb和Cr质量分数及分配百分比表现为根>茎>叶,根、茎、叶组织中的质量分数及分配百分比均较高且基本相当,差异不明显。生物富集系数的计算结果显示,芦苇不同组织(根、茎、叶)对有毒重金属元素的生物富集能力存在较大差异,根组织的生物富集能力最大,且容易富集Pb和Cd;而茎、叶组织的生物富集能力较低,易富集Pb。Copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, and chromium uptake and accumulation by Phragrnites australis growing in an artificial wetland around a porphyry copper mine district in Tonglushan Town of Daye City were studied in field conditions and element test analysis. The study reveals that Phragmites australis is resistance to toxic heavy metals. Meanwhile, it is figured out that that there are two different partition patterns of toxic heavy metal uptake and accumulation by Phragmites australis in this wetland. In particular, the concentration of Cu, Zn, Cd in tissues of Phragrnites australis follows the sequence of root〉leaf 〉stem, and the root tissue concentrates significantly high Cu, Zn, Cd than stem and leaf. While, Pb,and Cr concentration follows another sequence of root〉stem〉leaf, which are high and partitioned evenly among root, stem and leaf tissues. In addition, by calculating the bioaccumulation factor, the result shows that bioaccumulation ability of the Phragrnites australis varies among the tissues, and the bioaccumulation ability of the root tissue that is prone to accumulate Pb and Cd is much higher than the stem and leaf tissues which are easy to concentrate Pb.

关 键 词：有毒重金属 吸收累积模式 生物富集能力 抗性 芦苇 湿地 

分 类 号：X141[环境科学与工程—环境科学]