21种植物提取物对3种柑桔病原真菌抑菌活性的初步研究  

Antifungal activity of extracts from 21 species plants against the three pathogenic fungi of citrus

作　　者：丘麒[1] 罗建军[1] 施楚新[1] 曾勇[1] 钟国华[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2008年第1期42-45,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(05EFN214400207);广东省自然科学基金项目(05006634)共同资助

摘　　要：采用菌丝生长速率法测定油茶籽等21种植物甲醇提取物对柑桔青霉病菌、柑桔绿霉病菌和柑桔酸腐病菌的抑菌活性。结果表明,对柑桔酸腐病菌抑菌活性较高的是油茶籽、甘草、桃花心木和水茄提取物,以含干粉10 mg.mL-1处理后5 d抑菌率分别为96.96%、76.44%、82.73%和69.60%。对柑桔青霉病菌抑菌率达70%以上的有油茶籽、海芋、山菅兰、水茄、上海叶冬青等的提取物,对柑桔绿霉病菌抑菌率达60%以上的有油茶籽、桃花心木、侧柏、海芋、山菅兰、水茄、深山含笑等的提取物。综合而言,油茶籽甲醇浸提物对柑桔青霉病菌、柑桔绿霉病菌和柑桔酸腐病菌的抑菌活性高于其他植物的甲醇浸提物。Antifungal activity of the extracts of Camellia oleifera and other 20 species plants against Penicillium italicum, Penicillium digitatum Sacc. and Geotrichum candidum Link was determined using mycelial growth rate method, which may contribute to a new method for biological control of the three pathogenic fungi. The results indicated that the inhibition rates of extracts from Camellia oleifera at 10 mg·mL^-1 against Geotrichum candidum was above 90% , the inhibition rates of extracts from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. , Swietemia mahogany Jack and Solanum torvum against Geotrichum candidum were between 60% - 90%. The inhibition rates of extracts from Camellia oleifera ,Alocasia macrorriza （ L. ） Schott, Dianella ensifolia （ L. ） DC, Solanum torvum and Ilex latifolia Thunb against Penicillium italicum were above 70%. The inhibition rates of extracts from Camellia oleifera,Swietemia mahogany Jack, Platycladus orientalis （L） Franco, Alocasia macrorriza （L.） schott, Dianella ensifolia （ L. ） DC, Solanum torvum and Michelia maudiae against Penicillium digitatum were above 60%. Consequently, the bioactivity of extracts from Camellia oleifera against Geotrichum candidum,Penicillium italicum and Penicillium digitatum were superior to other methanol extracts.

关 键 词：柑桔青霉病菌 柑桔绿霉病菌 柑桔酸腐病菌 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：S482.292[农业科学—农药学]