施氮量和栽插密度对杂交中籼稻产量及其构成因素的影响  

Effects of amount of nitrogen applied and planting density on yield and its components of middle-season indica hybrid rice

作　　者：吴文革[1] 杨联松[1] 赵决建 胡根生 方文杰 白一松[1] 张四海[1] 张玉海[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农科院水稻研究所长江中下游稻作技术创新中心,合肥230031 [2]桐城市农技推广中心,桐城231400

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2008年第1期49-55,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2004BA520A21;2006BAD02A06);农业部结构调整专项(06-03-05B)共同资助

摘　　要：以两系杂交籼稻皖稻153为试验材料,研究不同施氮量和栽插密度对其产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明:(1)施氮量、栽插密度对皖稻153的产量有着显著影响;225 kg.hm-2施氮水平的产量最高,300 kg.hm-2施氮水平的产量次之,此两处理差异不显著但比不施氮处理的极显著增产;栽插密度以22.5×104hm2的产量最高,其次为30.0×104hm2,以下依次为15.0×104hm2、37.5×104hm2和7.5×104hm2。(2)施氮量和栽插密度对产量构成因素有着不同的影响,其中对单位面积穗数影响最大,每穗粒数次之,结实率相对较小,千粒重最为稳定。(3)群体颖花量的增加是产量提高的决定性因素,在适宜足量的群体颖花量基础上稳定提高结实率是高产的保证。(4)本试验条件下,皖稻153适宜的施氮量为225 kg.hm-2,栽插密度为22.5×104hm2。The effects of nitrogen application and planting density on yield and its components of middle-season indica hybrid rice Wandao 153 were studied. The results are as follows： （ 1 ） The effects of amount of nitrogen and planting density on yield and its components of Wandao 153 were obvious; the grain output of amount of nitrogen with 225 kg·hm^-2 was tiptop, that with 300 kg·hm^-2 took the second place;compared to control without nitrogen application ,nitrogen application increase yield significantly. The grain output with planting density of 22.5 ×10^4 hills·hm^-2 was tiptop, the second was that of 30.0 ×10^4 hills· hm^-2, thereinafter were those of 15.0 ×10^4 hills.hm-2 ,37.5 ×10^4 hills·hm^-2 ,7.5 ×10^4 hills·hm^-2 in turn. （2）There was different function of yield components with different amount of nitrogen and planting density, the effect on panicles per unit area was most serious, on grains per panicle was the second, on seed setting rate was the third, and on 1 000-grain weight was the least and the most stable too. （3）The decisive factor for production-increasing was the total amount of spikelets of population, It was the guarantee of high-yielding increasing stabilizing seed setting orthogonal appropriate full quota of total amount of spikelets of population. （4）Under conditions of this experiment, proper amount of nitrogen applied and planting density was 225 kg·hm^-2 and 22.5 ×10^4 hills-hm-2.

关 键 词：杂交中籼水稻 皖稻153 施氮量 栽插密度 产量 产量构成 

分 类 号：S511.21[农业科学—作物学]