启动实验中收集基线反应时的必要性问题  

The Necessity of Collecting Baseline Reaction Time in Priming Experiments

作　　者：董燕萍[1] 袁媛[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学英文学院,广州510420 [2]广东外语外贸大学国际商务英语学院,广州510420

出　　处：《心理科学》2008年第1期192-194,共3页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目资助(02JAZJD40022)

摘　　要：启动实验的有效条件之一是,控制组和实验组的目标词在基线反应时上相同,但在实际操作中,不少研究没有收集基线反应时,只是确保了两组目标词在频率上相同。本研究实验结果显示:对于母语而言,如果词频很高,相同频率的词得到相同反应时的机率很大;相反,机率就比较低;对于外语而言,这种机率相对更低。实验说明,相同词频的词不一定能得到相同的反应时,因此收集基线反应时是启动实验不可或缺的步骤。When conducting priming experiments, many studies replaced the step to collect baseline reaction times （RTs） for the targets by selecting two groups of targets that are not different in frequency, on the assumption that equal word frequency leads to equal RTs. The present study tested this assumption in the task of lexical decision in both the L1 and the L2 of Chinese learners of English. And it was found that for the subjects＇ L1, the matching of frequencies for two lists of words did not necessarily lead to equal baseline RTs. Equal baseline RTs were obtained in most cases but not in all if the two lists of words were closely matched （one-to-one match）. And if they were words of high frequencies, the situation in the corresponding L2 was even more uncertain. The results show that the step to collect baseline RTs cannot be omitted in priming experiments, especially for L2.

关 键 词：基线反应时 启动试验 词频 

分 类 号：B841.7[哲学宗教—基础心理学]