Wx基因变异对小麦籽粒胚乳质地的影响  

Effects of Wx Gene Mutation on Endosperm Traits of Wheat

作　　者：张伯桥[1] 吕国峰[1] 张晓祥[1] 朱冬梅[1] 高德荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,江苏扬州225007

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2008年第1期47-50,共4页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A02-19);江苏省农业三项工程项目[SX(2005)002]

摘　　要：为了明确Wx基因变异与小麦籽粒胚乳的关系,以玉米花粉诱导扬麦10号(角质胚乳品种,非糯小麦)与糯质供体Waxy C杂种F1产生的不同Wx基因变异类型的55个双单倍体系以及以扬麦9号(粉质胚乳品种)与不同糯质供体亲本杂交、回交育成的12个糯小麦品系为材料,研究了Wx基因变异对籽粒胚乳质地的影响,同时测定了12个不同来源的粉质胚乳糯小麦籽粒蛋白质含量。结果表明,角质胚乳品种扬麦10号与粉质胚乳糯质供体Waxy C杂交获得的3个糯质品系籽粒角质率分别为26%、38%和74%,非全糯质品系的角质率都在90%以上;粉质胚乳品种扬麦9号与不同糯质供体亲本杂交或回交产生的糯质品系籽粒胚乳都表现为粉质。说明3个Wx基因同时发生变异会导致籽粒角质率降低,而部分Wx基因变异类型之间及其与Wx基因正常类型之间胚乳质地无显著差异。12个不同组合的糯小麦品系的平均蛋白质含量为13.79%,显著高于非糯质供体亲本扬麦9号、扬麦12、扬麦16和扬麦158的平均值(12.60%),表明糯质小麦胚乳表现为粉质不是由蛋白质含量低引起的。Fifty-five lines with different W：r genes from the DH population of Yangmai 10/Waxy C, and 12 waxy wheat varieties derived from the crosses or backcrosses of Yangmai 9 as no-waxy parent or recurrent parent with different waxy wheat varieties were used to study the effects of Wx genes on percentage of vitreous kernel. The grain protein content of 12 waxy wheat varieties with floury endo- sperm from different crosses was also tested. The results showed that the percentage of vitreous kernel of 3 waxy wheat lines were 26%, 38% and 74% respectively, but that of normal varieties and those with 1 or 2 null Wx genes were more than 90%. The endosperm of these waxy wheat varieties derived from the crosses or backcrosses of Yangmai 9 with different waxy wheat varieties were floury. Three null Wx genes could simultaneously decrease the percentage of vitreous kernel significantly, but 1 or 2 could not. The average protein content of 12 waxy wheat varieties was 13.79%, higher than that of non-waxy parents. Waxy wheat with floury endosperm was not due to lower protein content in its grains.

关 键 词：糯小麦 WX基因 胚乳质地 蛋白质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S331