圆锥小麦(Triticum turgidumL．)贮藏蛋白的遗传多样性研究  

Genetic Diversity of Storage Proteins of Triticumturgidum L.

作　　者：舒晓霞[1] 李伟[1] 董攀[1] 魏育明[1] 郑有良[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学小麦研究所,四川都江堰611830

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2008年第1期66-73,共8页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：四川省育种攻关项目;四川农业大学青年科技创新基金项目(00130800)

摘　　要：为发掘可供利用的优异基因资源，采用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）和酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（APAGE）对来自17个国家和地区的95份圆锥小麦的贮藏蛋白进行了分析。结果表明，圆锥小麦贮藏蛋白位点存在丰富的遗传多样性。供试材料中共检测到17种高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基和34种亚基组合类型，其中亚基1和7＋8分别为Glu-A1和Glu-B1位点优势亚基，也检测到优质亚基14＋15和17＋18。亚基组合1／7＋8和null／7＋8虽为优势组合，但所占频率低；醇溶蛋白检测共分离出29条多态性带纹，其中每份材料可分离出5～20条，平均12条，平均遗传相似系数为0．471。供试材料在0．402水平上可分为五类，其聚类结果与材料来源地并不完全一致。试验结果表明，中国圆锥小麦地方品种在高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基表现上具有独特性。In order to identify useful germplasm for wheat breeding, high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits and gliadin of 95 Triticum turgidum collected from 17 countries and regions were analyzed using SDS-PAGE and APAGE methods. High genetic diversity of storage proteins in Triticum turgidum L. was observed. Seventeen subunits and thirty-four combinations of HMW-GS were detected. The frequency of subunit 1 and 7＋8 at Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 locus were found to be predominant. Subunits 14＋15 and 17＋18 for good bread-making quality were also observed. The predominant combination, 1/7＋8 and null/7＋8, had a low frequency. A total of 29 polymorphic bands of gliadin were observed. For each material, the number of bands ranged from five to twenty, with the mean of 12, and the mean of genetic similarity （GS） coefficient was 0. 471. All accessions could be clustered into five groups at the level of 0.402 based on GS value, and the clustering was not completely associated with their geographic origin. Our results also suggested that the Triticum turgidum landraces from China were unique for their high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits composition.

关 键 词：圆锥小麦 高分子量麦谷蛋白 醇溶蛋白 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S512.19[农业科学—作物学] S331