人的本质和“不完整主体”理论及其应用  

Human Nature and Theory of "Incomplete Subject" and Its Application

作　　者：刘建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学世界文明史研究中心,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《东北师大学报（哲学社会科学版）》2008年第1期122-128,共7页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(06JJD770007)

摘　　要：人的"本能"是为了活着而具有的先天能力,由此,人的"本能"决定人的"本性"是"自私"。个体的"自私"本性只能在群体的竞争关系中才得以实现。个体对集体既依赖又抗争的态度,决定了"自由"是人类的本质。个体无法脱离群体以实现"自我"的特性,使任何意义上的个体都是"不完整的主体",都必须在与他者构成的关系中确立自身的主体性。关于人的"本能、本性和本质"的新认识和关于主体的新的"不完整主体"理论,对于阐释宗教、文学等文化现象,具有重大的方法论意义。The human nature is the ability for being alive, which determines the selfish nature in the human being. An individual reveals his selfishness in its competition with others,and this further decides the freedom as the nature of the human being. Since nobody can achieve his egotism by separating from others, an individual in any sense is an incomplete subject, a feature indispensable with others. Such new understanding is of great significance in methodology in terms of the study of religion, literature, etc.

关 键 词：本能 本性 本质 不完整主体 

分 类 号：B01[哲学宗教—哲学理论] I0[文学—文学理论]