佛教文化对包公文学的影响  

Influence of Buddhist Culture on Baogong Literature

作　　者：李永平[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学人文学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2008年第1期51-54,共4页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：陕西省教育厅人文社会科学专项科研项目(06JK076)

摘　　要：明清时期,佛教教义逐渐深入中国社会底层,成为公众的伦理规范。受其影响,小说、戏剧中的包公形象塑造明显地打上了佛教的痕迹。首先,包公被塑造成佛教的"阎罗王"最为流行。其次,受佛教伦理的"因果律"的影响,包公故事里存在大量关于"报应"的叙事,而且很多作品往往伴有相应的道德"劝诫"意图。佛教因果报应说强调善得善报,恶得恶报,来世的命运由今世的善恶行为决定,这就结合人们的性命大事、切身利益,引导人们去恶从善,从而推动人们的道德意识的自觉和个人修养的完善。受佛教拯救故事的影响,包公故事有了游历冥府的故事。无论是游历冥府所见各种阴森恐怖的"果报",还是亲见阎罗王冥府判案,其实质都暗含着"天理昭彰"的内容,只是地狱审判和佛教的修行观、儒家的天命观相联系,更能表现出正义的超验属性。During the Ming and the Qing Dynasty, the Buddhist doctrine was gradually popularized and became the public norm of society. Under the influence of this social trend, the image of Baogong both in fiction and in plays was obviously trimmed by Buddhism. The earliest attempt of this practice was to re - portray Baogong into the King of Hell, a most popular Buddhist image. Then under the influence of the Buddhist ethic of ＂law of cause and effect＂, stories of Baogong involved large quantities of ＂retributive＂ narration usually with attempt of moral ＂admonishment＂. Again, influenced by Buddhist salvaging stories, a travel to the hell was added to Baogong＇s stories. Baogong＇s witness of various terrifying retributions and the King of Hell＇s trial of eases was intended to imply the manifestation of ＂heavenly law＂. However, it expressed the superempirical essence of justice more convincingly for the trial in the hell was associated with Buddhist view of practice and Confucianist view of destiny.

关 键 词：佛教文化 明清戏剧 明清小说 包公文学 

分 类 号：B94[哲学宗教—宗教学] I207.3[文学—中国文学]