从分散到统一:荷兰基本医疗保险制度改革对我国的启示  

From Decentralization to Unification: the Inspirations of the Reform of Basic Medical Insurance System in Holland

作　　者：尹莉娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学公共管理学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2008年第2期97-99,108,共4页Chinese Health Service Management

摘　　要：2006年1月1日,荷兰基本医疗保险制度进行了大刀阔斧地改革,将3个分散计划(疾病基金保险计划、私人商业医疗保险和公务员医疗保险计划)合并为一个统一的基本医疗保险制度。荷兰改革的根源在于原有医疗保险制度存在分散化带来的不公平性、垄断带来的效率低下等诸多弊端。我国目前的医疗卫生状况与荷兰改革前非常相似,基本医疗保险制度也针对不同人群实施了不同计划(城镇职工基本医疗保险、城镇居民基本医疗保险、公费医疗保险和新型农村合作医疗保险)。荷兰的改革经验对我国基本医疗保险制度改革和医疗卫生体制的构筑具有一定的启示和借鉴意义。In January 1, 2006, the basic medical insurance system in Holland was greatly reformed, which combined three scattered plans （diseases insurance plan, private commercial medical insurance and civil servant medical insurance plan） into a unified basic medical insurance system. The fundamental reason of reform was that the former medical insurance system was scattered which led to some problems, such as ineqaity, low efficiency, and so on. The current health status in China is similar to Holland before the reform. According to the different groups, there are different medical insurance systems （urban employee＇s basic medical insurance, urban residents＇ basic medical insurance, free medical service and new rural cooperative medical system）. The reform experiences in Holland have some inspirations to Chinese reform of medical insurance and health system.

关 键 词：医疗保险 荷兰 有管理的市场竞争 

分 类 号：F845.63[经济管理—保险]