上海崇明岛前卫村沟渠生态修复示范工程评价  

Evaluation on a demonstration project of ecological restoration of ditches at Qianwei Village of Chongming County,Shanghai

作　　者：周香香[1] 张利权[1] 袁连奇[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2008年第2期394-400,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：上海市科委重大科技攻关项目(05dz12009);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAC01A14)

摘　　要：采用生物护坡技术、氧化塘系统和沸石处理系统,修建了上海崇明前卫村沟渠生态修复示范工程,并通过地表径流模拟实验及坡岸土壤参数、生物多样性、沟渠水体总氮和总磷含量等指标对该示范工程进行了评估.结果表明:与对照相比,使用灌丛垫技术修复后的坡岸土壤剪切力、紧实度和土壤湿度显著提高(P<0.05),坡岸植被延缓径流和去除悬浮物效果显著(P<0.05);使用柴笼技术修复后的坡岸土壤剪切力和悬浮物去除率显著提高(P<0.05),但对土壤湿度、紧实度和雨水径流的延滞作用不太明显.示范工程实施后,沟渠内水质得到明显改善,总氮和总磷含量显著下降(P<0.05),沟渠坡岸的生境质量和景观效果得到改善,生物多样性明显增加.采用土壤生物工程方法和其他生态修复技术集成可以稳定坡岸、改善沟渠的栖息地质量以及修复大城市郊区村镇沟渠的生态环境.By using biological slope-protection techniques, oxidation pond system, and zeolite treatment system, a demonstration project of ecological restoration of ditches at the Qianwei Village of Chongming County in Shanghai was implemented, and an evaluation on the project was made via a runoff simulation experiment and the measurements of the parameters soil shear strength, biodiversi- ty, and ditch water quality. The results showed that covering the dich slopes with shrub could significantly increase soil shear strength, compactness and moisture content, and the formed vegetation had significant effects on retarding runoff and removing TSS （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Applying live fascines could significantly increase soil shear strength and TSS removal rate （P 〈 0. 05 ）, but its effects on increasing soil compactness and moisture content and retaining runoff were not significant. After the implement of the demonstration project, the total N and P concentrations in ditch water decreased significantly, habitat quality and aesthetic value of ditch slope improved, and biodiversity enhanced greatly. The integration of the biological techniques with other ecological restoration measures could stabilize ditch slope, improve ditch habitat quality, and restore the ecological environment of the ditches.

关 键 词：村镇沟渠 生态修复 土壤生物工程 示范工程 崇明前卫村 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]