科技园在英国区域发展和科技创新战略框架中的作用  

The Performance of Science Parks As Part of Framework for Development and Regional Innovation and Science in the United Kingdom

作　　者：Malcolm Parry Eulian Roberts 许景[3] 刘伟奇[3] 王兴平[3] 

机构地区：[1]英国萨里大学University of Surrey萨里科技园区主任 [2]ANGLE技术公司中东执行总裁 [3]东南大学建筑学院城市规划系

出　　处：《国际城市规划》2008年第1期118-126,共9页Urban Planning International

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:开发区与城市的空间整合及规划调控研究(编号50508009)资助

摘　　要：Science parks have been in existence for over 20 years in the UK. A review of these reveals that there are three groups (stakeholders) that have an interest in these projects, each of which has a variety of objectives for involvement. However, there is one common or cross cutting objective for all stakeholders which is an interest in knowledge transfer and commercialization. Over the years there have been a number studies in the UK that have looked at this common purpose and some suggest that science parks do not meet this objective. In 2003 the UK Science Park Association (UKSPA) and the UK Government’s Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Small Business Service (SBS) funded a comparative study of 876 companies both on and off science parks in an attempt to evaluate the past and future economic contribution of the UK Science Park Movement. The most significant finding and conclusion of this study was that there were significant differences in the performance of Science Park across the UK and that this performance was as a result of the economic environment in which individual parks operate. In addition, the study showed that science parks play a positive role in supporting the growth of technology - related businesses, and hence wealth creation, in the UK; they make a significant and distinct contribution to the UK’s economic infrastructure; the accommodation they provide is valued by tenants and the overall commercial performance of the companies based on them is better than similar firms located elsewhere. The broad conclusion of this study were that the effectiveness of science parks in helping tenant companies drive technology up the value chain, is dependent on a number of other external factors and this highlighted the need to develop and implement wider policies and strategies to support science parks if they are to reach their full potential as instruments of economic development. This paper reviews some of the studies on science parks and considers these in the context of both the findings of the Science parks have been in existence for over 20 years in the UK. A review of these reveals that there are three groups （stakeholders） that have an interest in these projects, each of which has a variety of objectives for involvement. However, there is one common or cross cutting objective for all stakeholders which is an interest in knowledge transfer and commercialization. Over the years there have been a number studies in the UK that have looked at this common purpose and some suggest that science parks do not meet this objective. In 2003 the UK Science Park Association （UKSPA） and the U K Government＇s Department of Trade and Industry （DTI） Small Business Service （SBS） funded a comparative study of 876 companies both on and off science parks in an attempt to evaluate the past and future economic contribution of the UK Science Park Movement. The most significant finding and conclusion of this study was that there were significant differences in the performance of Science Park across the UK and that this performance was as a result of the economic environment in which individual parks operate. In addition, the study showed that science parks play a positive role in supporting the growth of technology - related businesses, and hence wealth creation, in the UK; they make a significant and distinct contribution to the UK＇s economic infrastructure; the accommodation they provide is valued by tenants and the overall commercial performance of the companies based on them is better than similar firms located elsewhere. The broad conclusion of this study were that the effectiveness of science parks in helping tenant companies drive technology up the value chain, is dependent on a number of other external factors and this highlighted the need to develop and implement wider policies and strategies to support science parks if they are to reach their full potential as instruments of economic development. This paper reviews some of the studies on science parks and considers these in the context of

关 键 词：科技园 英国 科技创新 区域发展 商业化应用 基础设施建设 知识转化 框架 

分 类 号：G325.61[文化科学]