预防刺激性化疗药物致静脉炎和外渗3种方法效果的比较  

Effects of Three Methods on Preventing Phlebitis and Leakage Caused by Irritative Chemotherapeutants

作　　者：郑海燕[1] 宋迪[1] 郑学青[1] 祝梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省蚌埠医学院第一附属医院肿瘤内科,233004

出　　处：《实用全科医学》2008年第1期8-9,共2页Applied Journal Of General Practice

摘　　要：目的探讨不同穿刺方法在部分刺激性化疗药物导致静脉炎和外渗的预防效果。方法将630例次住院化疗患者分3组,A组:使用头皮钢针穿刺外周静脉218例次。B组:使用静脉留置针212例次。C组:使用外周中心静脉置管(PICC)200例次。结果①静脉炎:A组发生率29.36%(64/218),B组16.51%(35/212),C组5.50%(11/200),P<0.01。②外渗:A组发生率8.72%(19/218),B组2.36%(5/212),C组1%(2/200),P<0.01。结论PICC可以有效地预防静脉炎和外渗,应作为刺激性化疗药物的首选穿刺方法。不宜使用PICC的患者,可以用静脉留置针。Objective To investigate curative effects of different puncture methods on preventing venous phlebitis and leakage caused by irritative chemotherapeutants. Methods 630 times venipuncture were divided into 3 groups, Group-A：218 times puncturing peripheral veins by using scalp-needle. Group-B ：212 times by using intravenous catheter system. Group-C ：200 times by u- sing peripherally inserted central catheters （PICC）. Results ①Phlebitis occurred in 29.36% （64/218） of the cases in group A, 16.51% （ 35/212 ） in group B and 1% （ 2/200 ） in group C （ P 〈 0. 005 ）. ②leakage occurred in 8.72% （ 19/218 ） of the cases in group A ,2.36% （5/212 ） in group B and 1% （2/200） in group C （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions PICC-is the best puncturingmethod for preventing phlebitis and leakage well. If PICC is not suitable for some patients,intravenous catheter partly can be used instead.

关 键 词：头皮钢针 静脉留置针 PICC 化疗 静脉炎和外渗 比较 

分 类 号：R730.53[医药卫生—肿瘤]