广州市住宅室内外大气羰基化合物的监测分析  

Indoor/Outdoor Carbonyl Compounds in Guangzhou Residences

作　　者：黄虹[1] 王蓓[2] 李顺诚[2] 曾宝强[3] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学环境科学与工程学院,南昌330031 [2]香港理工大学土木及结构工程系,中国香港 [3]香港教育学院,中国香港

出　　处：《分析科学学报》2008年第1期42-46,共5页Journal of Analytical Science

基　　金：香港研究资助局资助项目(PolyU5038/01E);香港裘槎基金(CroucherFoundation)资助

摘　　要：选择代表性住宅，在其室内、外同步开展大气羰基化合物的监测分析，准确评价大气羰基化合物的污染状况，揭示其来源。用涂覆2，4-硝基苯肼（DNPH）的硅胶采样管收集羰基化合物，借助高效液相色谱完成样品分析，共检测了13种羰基化舍物，其中甲醛、乙醛两种物质的平均浓度最高，占被测物质总浓度的30％～67％。甲醛、乙醛的浓度，夏季室内平均为53．47μg／m^3、17．81μg／m^3，室外平均为15．00μg／m^3、10．97μg／m^3；冬季室内平均为37．97μg／m^3、11．49μg／m^3，室外平均为10．44μg／m^3、8．15μg／m^3。大气羰基化合物呈现夏季高于冬季、室内大于室外的浓度变化规律。甲醛／乙醛和乙醛／丙醛比值结果反映城市大气羰基化合物的人为污染。Main objectives of this study were to measure carbonyl compounds simultaneously in indoor and outdoor atmosphere of Guangzhou city, to assess the pollution situation of carbonyls, and to search for the sources of carbonyls. Carbonyls were collected by drawing air through a cartridge impregnated with acidifed 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine （ DNPH ）. 13 kinds of carbonyls （ Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde, Acrolein. Acetone. Propionaldehyde, Crotonaldehyde, Methacrolein, 2-Butanone, Butyraldehyde, Benzaldehyde, Valeraldehyde, m-Tolualdehyde and Hexaldehyde） were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were found to be the most abundant carbonyl species, accounting for 30%-67% of total carbonyls. Average concentrations of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were 53.47 μg/m^3 and 17.81 μg/m^3 for summer indoor environment, 15.00 μg/m^3 and 10. 97 μg/m^3 for summer outdoor environment, 37. 97 μg/m^3 and 11.49 μg/m^3 for winter indoor environment, and 10. 44 μg/m^3 and 8. 15 μg/m^3 for winter outdoor environment, respectively. Average concentrations of carbonyls showed obvious variation rules that the concentrations in summer were commonly higher than those in winter, and that indoor concentrations of most of the carbonyls were higher than the outdoors. The ratios of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, and the ratios of acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde were measured, implying urban anthropogenic sources of them.

关 键 词：羰基化合物 甲醛 乙醛 室内空气 

分 类 号：O659.36[理学—分析化学]