沉水植物衰亡过程中营养盐的释放过程及规律  

Study on Process of Nutrition Release during the Decay of Submerged Macrophytes

作　　者：潘慧云[1] 徐小花[1] 高士祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学环境学院,污染控制和资源化研究国家重点实验室,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2008年第1期64-68,共5页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2002CB412307)

摘　　要：在实验室模拟条件下研究了常见沉水植物苦草、金鱼藻在自然衰亡过程中主要营养盐氮、磷的释放过程,探索沉水植物衰亡过程中营养盐的释放规律.结果表明:秋、冬季低温条件下,苦草、金鱼藻逐渐衰亡腐败,该过程向水体中释放的氮、磷很少,大部分氮、磷保留在植物残体中.至次年天气回暖后,植物体的腐败分解有所加快,向水体释放氮、磷并有部分氮、磷沉积进入底泥.苦草、金鱼藻具有较低的分解速度,有利于降低系统中氮、磷的循环速度.残留植物体的生物量可影响植物体的分解速度和程度,较大的生物残留量会引起水体缺氧,植物残体分解加剧,导致水质严重恶化.The decaying process of submerged macrophytes （ Vallisneria spiralis, Myriophyllum verticiUatum Linn） and the nutrition release during this process were investigated in simulating condition. The results indicated that VaUisneria spiralis and Myriophyllum verticillatum Linn decayed in cold weather. During this process, they released a little nutrition to water and most of the nutrition was kept in the remains of the plant. While the weather grew warmer next year, the decaying of plants became faster and nitrogen and phosphorus would be released to water while some would come into sediments. The decay rates of Vallisneria spiralis and Myriophyllum verticiUatum Linn were comparatively low, and this would lower the cycling rates of the nutrition in the system. Quantities of plants＇ remains could affect the decaying speed and extend of plants. Water would become anoxic when there were abundant plant remains and thus result in quick decaying of plants, which would cause deterioration of water quality.

关 键 词：沉水植物 衰亡 营养盐的释放 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]