乌鲁木齐市菜地土壤和蔬菜铅含量及风险评价  

Lead Content in Vegetable and Soil of Vegetable Plot in Urumqi City and Its Risk Evaluation

作　　者：王灵[1] 朱建雯[1] 钱翌[2] 王亚宇[1] 郑春霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]青岛科技大学环境与安全工程学院,青岛266042

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2008年第1期46-50,共5页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划科学研究重点项目(XJEDU2005I08)

摘　　要：通过对乌鲁木齐市蔬菜基地和城乡结合部零散菜地采集调查样品测定，乌鲁木齐市菜地土壤全量铅含量范围和平均值分别为8．57-48．57，25．40mg／kg，显著高于乌鲁木齐市农业灌溉土壤背景值，呈现明显的积累趋势；大棚菜地土壤全量铅含量明显低于裸露地土壤，城乡结合部菜地土壤全量铅含量明显高于蔬菜基地；乌鲁木齐市蔬菜铅含量范围1.016-0.007mg／kg，平均值为0.346mg／kg。通过聚类分析比较，大蒜、莴笋、毛豆、空心菜属抗铅污染能力较弱种类，而黄瓜、西葫芦、辣椒、白萝卜、甜菜、韭菜、茄子、丝瓜、西红柿、苦瓜等属抗铅污染能力较强种类。运用健康风险评价模型对乌鲁木齐市居民蔬菜铅摄入量的健康风险进行评价，蔬菜铅所引起的健康危害个人年风险为1.604×10^-7／a，蔬菜中铅不会对暴露人群构成明显的危害。On the basis of determination of lead content in samples from Urumqi vegetable base and the scattered vegetable plots in the suburbs,the full lead content range and average of soil at Urumqi vegetable plots are 8.57-48.57 and 25.40 mg/kg respectively,which are higher markedly than the background value of irrigated agricultural soil in Urumqi City with an evident accumulation trend; The full lead content in soil at greenhouse vegetable plots is lower than that at bare land distinctively, and the full lead content at vegetable plots in suburb is higher than that at vegetable base remarkably. Lead content in Urumqi vegeta-bles ranges 1. 016-0.007 mg/kg and the average is 0.346 mg/kg. Based on cluster analysis and comparison,it is shown that the lead-pollution resistance of garlic, lettuce, young soyabean and swamp cabbage is relatively low and that of cucumber, marrow squash, capsicum, white turnip, sugar beet, leek, eggplant, tow el gourd,tomato and balsam pear is relatively high. The health risk evaluation model was used to evaluate the lead ingestion of Urumqi residents from vegetable. The annual health risk of individual caused by lead in vegetable is 1.604×10-7/a,which would not harm obviously the exposed population.

关 键 词：土壤 蔬菜 铅 健康风险 乌鲁木齐 

分 类 号：X124[环境科学与工程—环境科学]