阻塞性肺气肿模型的制作  

Establishment of an Emphysema Model of Beagle Dog

作　　者：刘翱[1] 邹雷[1] 李少莹[1] 李妍[1] 陈宇英[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军昆明总医院呼吸内科,昆明650032

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2008年第2期15-18,共4页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

摘　　要：目的在2周内对国际标准实验动物Beagle犬进行肺气肿模型的制作，建立较为标准的肺气肿模型，从而为治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的方法提供良好的动物模型。方法Beagle犬8只，雌雄各半，2岁，体重13～18kg，雾化吸人木瓜蛋白酶12000U/kg，1次，周，共2周。实验前后测量试验动物肺功能，做胸部CT及病理学比较。结果实验前后动物肺功能，CT及病理学检查均显示较大的差异。8例实验动物的功能残气量（FRC）、肺总量（TLC）、功能残气量比肺总量（FRC/TLC％）、潮气量（VT）和呼吸频率（BR），在肺气肿模型制作前后做两两比较，结果显示均有统计学差异P〈0.05，血氧饱和度（SpO2）0.05两者间无统计学差异。CT显示肺体积增大，局部肺野透亮度增加有肺大泡形成。试验后病理学检查显示肺泡壁破坏，肺泡间质断裂，肺泡融合，形成典型的全小叶型肺气肿改变。实验后动物出现肺气肿征表现，如气喘，咳嗽及上呼吸道分泌物增等。结论在标准实验动物身上可以较为准确、快速地复制出近似于人类阻塞性肺气肿病理改变的动物模型。Objective The aim of this study was to establish a Beagle dog model of emphysema to serve the studies on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. Methods Eight Beagle dogs,4 male and 4 female,2 years old,weight 13 - 18 kg,were included in this study. Aerosol inhalation of papain 12000 U/kg,once a week for two weeks was given to the dogs. The pulmonary function was assessed by measurement of functional residual capacity （ FRC）, total lung capacity （ TLC ）, functional residual capacity ratio total lung capacity （FRC/TLC%）, tidal volume （VT） and breathing frequency （BR）. chest CT was performed and the lung tissues were examined by histopathology. Results Signs of emphysema such as short of breath, cough and increased upper respiratory secretion occurred in the dogs after experiment. Significant difference in the lung structure and function was shown by measurement of All FRC, TLC, FRC/TLC%, VT and BR （ P 〈 0.05 ）, CT and histopathological examination in the dogs before and after experiment. There was no significant difference in saturation of blood oxygen （SpO2） （ P 〉 0.05）. CT showed an increased lung volume, increased local transparency and bullae formation. Alveolar wall damage, interstitial rupture and coalescence of alveoli, typical alteration of whole lobular emphysema, were found by histopathology. Conclusion A typical emphysema model of Beagle dog, reproducible to generate and well resembling human obstructive pulmonary emphysema disease, has been successfully established within a short period.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 肺气肿 模型 动物 犬 BEAGLE 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]