国家中药材GAP基地产川芎挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析  

GC-MS analysis of essential oil from rhizomes of Ligusticum chuanxiong cultivated in GAP Base for Chinese Medicinal Materials of China

作　　者：吴琦[1] 杨秀伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学药学院天然药物学系天然药物及仿生药物国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2008年第3期276-280,共5页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

摘　　要：目的:研究国家中药材GAP基地"川芎GAP都江堰示范基地"种植川芎挥发油的化学成分,为其质量控制和标准制定提供科学依据。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,GC毛细管柱色谱法进行分析,归一化法测定其相对含量,气相色谱-质谱联用技术辅助人工检索鉴定其化学成分。结果:检出142个色谱峰,鉴定了62个化合物,占挥发油总量的87.36%。总结了川芎挥发油中苯酞类化合物及其衍生物的质谱裂解规律,主要存在侧链断裂脱烯/烃和开环脱水再脱羰基两个电子轰击裂解途径。并以此为依据,推测了4,5-二氢-3,1′-二羟基-3-戊基苯酞的结构。结论:"川芎GAP都江堰示范基地"种植川芎挥发油的主要化学成分为苯酞类化合物及其衍生物;4,5-二氢-3,1′-二羟基-3-戊基苯酞为新的化合物。Objective： To analyze the constituents of the essential oil extracted from the rhizomes of Ligusticum chuanxiong. cultivated in ＂GAP base for Chinese medicinal materials of China＂ （GAP demonstrative base of L. chuanxiong, in Dujiangyan City of China）, and to provide scientific foundation for the quality control and standard establishment of ones. Method： The essential oil was extracted by water-steam distillation and separated by GC capillary column chromatography. The components were determined with normalization method, and identified by GC-MS and co-artificial searches. Result： One hundred forty-two chromatographic peaks were iselated, among them sixty-two components were identified, which was composed of 87. 36% of the total essential oil. The mass fragmentation rules of phthalides and its derivatives in the essential oil were summarized, which primarily underwent two electron impact fragmentation pathways ： side-chain cleavage with losses of alkenes/alkanes and ring-opening with elimination of H2O followed by losses of CO. On the basis of these rules, the plane structure of 4, 5-dihydro-3, 1＇-dihydroxy-3-pontylphthalide as a new compound was determined. Conclusion： The main components of the essential oil extracted from the rhizomes of L. chuanxiong cultivated in ＂GAP Demonstrative Base of L. chuanxiong in Dujiangyan City of China＂ were phthalides and its derivatives. 4,5-Dihydro-3,1 ＇-dihydroxy-3-pontylphthalide was a new compound.

关 键 词：川芎 中药材GAP基地 挥发油 4 5-二氢-3 1’-二羟基-3-戊基苯酞 气相色谱-质谱 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]