17种高原草地有毒植物对植物病原真菌生物活性的初步研究  

The bioactivity study of seventeen kinds of poisonous plants from grassland against four pathogenic fungi

作　　者：周丽[1] 高飞[1] 滕云[1] 侯太平[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610064

出　　处：《四川大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第1期214-218,共5页Journal of Sichuan University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部博士点基金(20050610016);新世纪优秀人才计划基金(NCET-04-0868);国家支撑计划基金(2006BAE01A01-14);四川省应用基础项目(03JY029-083-2)

摘　　要：采用生长速率法测定了17种高原草地有毒植物乙醇提取物对稻瘟病菌,水稻纹枯病菌,玉米大斑病菌,小麦赤霉病菌4种植物病原真菌的生物活性.结果表明,在供试浓度为5×10-3g/mL时,高山绣线菊,香芸火绒草,车前状垂头菊,淡黄香青,黄帚橐吾,镰形棘豆,甘松等对水稻纹枯病菌,玉米大斑病菌,小麦赤霉病菌的菌丝生长表现出明显的抑制作用,其中高山绣线菊乙醇提取物对4种病原菌都表现出明显的抑制作用,其抑制率分别为100%,97.4%,95.51%,64.86%,对4种病原菌的EC50分别为0.583×10-3g/mL,1.009×10-3g/mL,0.753×10-3g/mL,2.158×10-3g/mL;将其乙醇粗提物依次用正己烷,乙酸乙酯,甲醇萃取后测定其生物活性,测得高山绣线菊的抑菌活性物质主要在乙酸乙酯萃取物中.The bioactivity of ethanol extracts from seventeen poisonous plants from grassland against four pathogenic fungi were measured in the laboratory with growth rate method. The results showed that ethanol extracts from Leontopdium haplophylloides Hand.-Mazz., Cremanthodium plantagineum Maxim, Anaphanais flavescens Hand. -Mazz. , Ligularia virgaurea （Maxim.）Mattf, Oxytropis falcate Bunge, Nardostachys chinensis Bat. presented certain inhibitory effects on the Pyricularia oryzea, Rhizoctonia solani, Exserohilum turcicum, Gibberella zeae. Especially, the ethanol extract from Spiraea alpina Pall. performed the best, and its extract at 5 × 10^-3 g/mL could significantly inhibit four pathogenic fungi by 100%, 97. 496, 95. 5196, 64. 8696 and the EC50 to the four pathogenic fungi were at 0. 583 × 10^-3 g/mL, 1. 009 ×10^-3 g/mL, 0. 753× 10^-3 g/mL, 2. 158× 10^-3 g/mL, respectively. Through the further study on the ethanol extract from Spiraea alpina Pall. , the results indicated that the effective components were included in the ethyl acetate.

关 键 词：高原草地有毒植物 高山绣线菊 植物源杀菌剂 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]