飞机朝后座椅的保护作用模型研究  

The modeling study of protection of the backward seats on aircraft

作　　者：赵文智[1] 韩文秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学管理学院

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2008年第2期165-169,共5页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：中国民航大学科研基金(06QD11X);民航总局科研基金(2006RKXJC04)

摘　　要：为了进一步提高民航旅客运输的安全性和减少飞机事故的伤亡率,对飞机座椅朝后这一新概念,从安全防护的改善方面进行了系统分析和定量的描述,建立了冲撞缓冲效果的估算模型,进行了相关的简单试验,并分析了空难幸存案例,从中得出结论,如果把飞机座椅朝后安装,可以主动地、大幅度地提高事故中对人体的防护能力,减少伤害率.另外,通过比较发现,由此带来的改善,并不减少飞机原有的性能指标,也不增加成本和维护的复杂性.最后提出了分级布置飞机客舱座椅的建议,以便保留部分朝前的座椅供一些有偏好的旅客进行选择,使所有的座椅安全性都有所提高,起到了系统优化的作用.此模型为新一代面向用户的飞机设计,提供了一个系统安全分析的基础.The safety improvement in aircraft is analyzed and its model is established via the backward adjustment the direction of the seats in order to provide more buffering and protection to the passengers and reduce the rate of injury in aircraft accidents. The model is used for estimating the improvements to the impact force to body, and a related experiment is conducted. Further, some survival cases from crushed aircrafts are discussed to explain the novel idea of backward seat. A conclusion is reached that the protection to passenger body may be improved in a large amount, and the evacuation process may be more active and the survival rate may be enhanced. It is proposed that the cost, maintenance and other performance may keep unchanged with the sharpely rising of the safety level. Finally the rearrangements in partial may be applied to improve the level of protection of all the seats, and leave the selection to passengers for the forward seats. This model presents a system methodology for next generation aircraft design for consumers.

关 键 词：座椅朝后 系统分析 飞机事故 冲撞力 估算模型 

分 类 号：V37[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]