西周倗国墓地绿松石珠微痕的数码显微镜分析  

Microwear analysis by digital microscopy of Turquoise from Peng Nation Tombs,West Zhou Dynasty

作　　者：杨益民[1] 郭怡[1] 谢尧亭[2] 夏季[1] 王昌燧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院研究生院科技史与科技考古系,北京100049 [2]山西省考古研究所,山西太原030001

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2008年第1期46-49,I0006,I0007,共6页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：中科院研究生院人才基金;中科院知识创新方向性项目(KJCX3．SYW．N12)

摘　　要：为有效揭示史前和历史时代早期出土玉器的加工痕迹,了解古代机械加工的起源和演变过程,选择西周倗国墓地出土的一枚穿孔绿松石珠,在带有景深扩展技术和三维图像重建功能VHX-500K型数码显微镜下进行微痕分析。发现其表面的打磨痕迹和孔壁上钻孔形成的多圈平行螺旋纹皆十分清晰。结合现代绿松石打磨的模拟实验和前人的工作,认为该枚绿松石珠表面打磨的工具应为一种机械转动磨盘,其具备粗磨和细磨两个功能。有关磨料的颗粒甚粗,其尺寸远大于现代细磨盘的磨料颗粒度。至于珠上的穿孔为对钻贯通,推测为空心管钻配合解玉砂高速旋转而成。这是国内首次将数码显微镜的景深扩展和三维重建技术应用于微痕分析,其研究成果可为古玉的科学鉴定,从加工工艺角度提供重要的信息。To disclose processing marks of prehistoric jade mechanical processing methods, a single perforated turquoise and to understand the origin and evolution of ancient bead, unearthed in Peng Nation tomb from the Western Zhou Dynasty, was selected for microwear analysis using a VHX- 500K digital microscope with 3D image reconstruction and an extended depth of field. It was discovered that there were clear grind marks on the surface and several parallel round lines on the perforation wall. and from previous work, it was concluded that the Through simulated grinding experiment on modem turquoise, grinding tool should be a kind of grinding machine with coarse and finishing grinding functions. The abrasive used was quite coarse, of larger particle size than that used with modem finishing grinders. As for the perforation, it was perforated from both sides, and could have been made using a high - speed core drill with grinding sand. This was the first application of a digital microscope with extended depth of field in to microwear analysis in China. The results provide useful information for scientific identification of ancient jades and ancient jade processing technique.

关 键 词：数码显微镜 玉器 绿松石 微痕分析 三维图像重建 景深扩展 

分 类 号：K876.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K871.13[历史地理—历史学]