纳米NiO/CNTs复合粒子的制备及其对AP和AP/HTPB热分解的影响  

Preparation of NiO/CNTs composites and their effects on the thermal decomposition of AP and AP/HTPB

作　　者：刘建勋[1] 刘永[1] 张小娟[1] 姜炜[1] 王作山[1] 李凤生[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学国家特种超细粉体工程技术研究中心,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《推进技术》2008年第1期119-123,共5页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50306008)

摘　　要：以碳纳米管(CNTs)为载体,采用化学沉淀法制备了不同摩尔比的NiO/CNTs复合粒子,采用透射电子显微镜、X-ray衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱、比表面积分析仪等表征手段对产物的结构进行了表征,并用差示扫描量热仪研究了NiO/CNTs复合粒子对AP及AP/HTPB推进剂热分解的催化作用。结果表明:NiO/CNTs复合粒子结晶好、包覆均匀、比表面积大。NiO/CNTs(nNiO:nCNTs=1:4)复合粒子可使AP和AP/HTPB推进剂的高温分解峰温分别降低了92.24℃和42.2℃,使总表观分解热分别增加了1 086 J/g和730 J/g,表现出显著的催化性能,其催化性能明显优于纯纳米NiO和纯CNTs。碳纳米管的独特结构和载体支撑作用是NiO/CNTs复合粒子的催化性能强于纳米NiO的主要原因。NiO/CNTs composite particles were prepared by direct chemical deposition method with carbon nanotube used as the carrier, and its structure was characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS and BET. The catalytic effects of NiO/CNTs composite particles on the thermal decomposition of AP and AP/HTPB propellant were investigated by DSC. The results show that NiO/CNTs composite particles with good crystal form, uniform coating and huge surface area could be obtained by the experiments. NiO/CNTs composite particles （ nNiO：nCNTs=1：4 ） could decrease the high temperature decomposition peaks of AP and AP/HTPB propellant by 92. 24 ℃ and 42. 2 ℃ , respectively, and increase the total apparent heat of decomposition by 1 086 J/g and 730 J/g, respectively, showing evident catalytic effects on the thermal decomposition of AP and AP/HTPB propellant. The catalytic activity of NiO/CNTs composite particle is obviously better than that of pure nano NiO and CNTs. Due to the unique tubular structure and support function of carbon nanotube, NiO/CNTs composite particles show better catalytic activities than pure NiO.

关 键 词：复合推进剂 热分解 催化 纳米催化剂 

分 类 号：V512.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]