不同环境条件下籼型杂交稻株高的发育遗传研究  

Developmental Genetic Analysis for Plant Height in indica Hybrid Rice Across Environments

作　　者：彭涛[1,3] 钟秉强[1] 凌英华[1] 杨正林[1] 查仁明[1] 谢戎[2] 刘成元[2] 何光华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学水稻研究所,农业部生物技术与作物品质改良重点开放实验室,重庆北碚400716 [2]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所,四川泸州646100 [3]绵阳市农业科学研究所,四川绵阳621023

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2008年第2期148-154,共7页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30370865);重庆市动植物良种创新工程资助项目

摘　　要：采用数量性状的加性-显性发育遗传模型分析了按NCⅡ交配设计的两套籼型三系杂交水稻在两种环境条件下株高的发育遗传规律。供试材料和环境均会影响水稻株高表现,且环境对株高的影响随发育进程的推进不断减小。在不同发育阶段,水稻株高主要受加性和显性效应基因共同控制,但影响程度会随供试材料的改变而有所不同;基因型与环境互作效应会对株高产生一定影响;控制株高的遗传效应在各发育时期均有新的表现,且加性效应的表达比显性效应的表达更为活跃;条件环境互作效应亦会对株高发育遗传产生一定影响,前期影响尤其大;水稻株高的群体平均优势总体上随发育进程的推进而逐渐增加,至成熟期达到最大;群体超亲优势的变化规律因供试材料的不同而略微出现一些差异,但均在后期趋于稳定,且均为正值。在多数发育时期,水稻株高条件群体平均优势达到正向显著或极显著水平,而条件群体超亲优势达到负向显著或极显著水平,即群体平均优势和群体超亲优势在各时期均有新的表现,但其表现的大小和方向均有所不同。The developmental genetic rule of plant height was analyzed from two groups of three-line indica hybrid rice at two environmental conditions based on the NC Ⅱ design, using the additive-dominant developmental genetic models and the statistic methods. The results showed that the materials and environmental conditions both could affect plant height, and the effects of environment on plant height were decreased gradually with plant development. Additive and dominant effects both governed the performance of plant height at all developmental stages. However, the degree of effect varied with the materials. Moreover, the interaction between environmental effects and genotypes also affected plant height. The genetic effects differed at most developmental stages. Furthermore, the expression of additive effect was more active than that of dominant effect. Conditional interaction effects with environment also had some effects on plant height during genetic development, especially at the early stages. Mid-parent heterosis （HMp） increased gradually with the developmental stage of plant height, and maximized at the latest stage, whereas, heterosis over the better parent （HBP） showed small differences among the materials, and kept stable at the later stage, with positive numeric value. At most developmental stages, conditional HMP was positively significant, while conditional HBP was negatively significant. All above results showed that HMP and HBP had some new expression in all developmental periods and the level and direction were quite different.

关 键 词：籼型杂交水稻 株高 发育遗传 杂种优势 环境效应 

分 类 号：S511.21[农业科学—作物学]