栉孔扇贝四倍体的研究Ⅰ:细胞松驰素B诱导  

TETRAPLOID INDUCTION BY BLOCKING POLAR BODY Ⅰ AND MITOSIS Ⅰ IN FERTILIZED EGGS OF THE SCALLOP CHLAMYS (AZUMAPECTEN) FARRERI WITH CYTOCHALASIN B

作　　者：杨蕙萍[1] 王如才[1] 郭希明[1] 喻子牛[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋大学国家教委水产养殖研究开放实验室

出　　处：《青岛海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》1997年第2期166-172,共7页Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao

基　　金：国家"863"计划819主题--栉孔扇贝多倍体生产技术研究资助

摘　　要：利用细胞松驰素Ｂ抑制栉孔扇贝Ｃｈｌａｍｙｓ（Ａｚｕｍａｐｅｃｔｅｎ）ｆａｒｒｅｒｉ受精卵的第一极体的放出和第一次有丝分裂获得四倍体。在２０℃条件下，卵子受精后１０ｍｉｎ，０．５μｇ／ｍｌ的ＣＢ持续处理１０ｍｉｎ、２０ｍｉｎ抑制第一极体排出，结果三倍体率和四倍体率分别为３８．３８％、３９．７５％和２８．４２％、３０．２４％；在２０℃条件下，卵子受精后１ｈ，０．５μｇ／ｍｌ的ＣＢ持续处理１０、１５、２０、２５ｍｉｎ抑制第一次有丝分裂，结果四倍体率分别为２１．３６％、２７．５７％、２８．４１％、２９．３５％。结合处理后幼虫的Ｄ形率，在抑制第一极体放出和第一次卵裂中。In order to obtain tetraploid farreri's scallop (Chlamys farreri), eggs were treated at 20℃ with CB (0.5ug/ml) at 10min. post fertilization for blocking the polar body Ⅰ (pb Ⅰ) and treated at 1hr. post fertilization for blocking the mitosis Ⅰ. The CB treated groups and their control groups were repeated three times with different parents scallops. Ploidy was determined with karyological analysis when the embryos reached the stage of 8～16 cells. In the control groups the majority of embryos had a diploid number of 38 chromosomes. In the pb Ⅰ blocking groups there were not only tetraploid but also triploid, with 10 and 20 min. duration times the triploid and tetraploid were 38.38±12.26%, 39.75±13.72% and 28.42±12.44%, 30.24±13.87% respectively. In the mitosis Ⅰ blocking groups with 10, 15, 20 and 25 min. duration time the tetraploid were 21.36±1.22%, 27.57±0.42%, 28.41±2.96% and 29.53±5.63% respectively. Considering the survival rate of D larvae, the 10 min. CB treated group of both blocking pb Ⅰ and blocking mitosis Ⅰ were the best. There were differences in the three different parents groups, but the analysis showed these differences were not significant and the occurrences of triploid and tetraploid were dependent on the CB treated.

关 键 词：四倍体 栉孔扇贝 染色体 扇贝 细胞松驰素 

分 类 号：Q959.215[生物学—动物学]