论词汇信息的松散性及其语用充实  

On the Looseness of Lexical Meaning and its Pragmatic Enrichment

作　　者：冉永平[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心,广东广州510420

出　　处：《外语研究》2008年第1期1-9,共9页Foreign Languages Research

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大课题"词汇语用学"(05JJD740005)的阶段成果之一;教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"资助

摘　　要：本文从语用学的视角探讨话语理解中词语、结构等局部信息的松散性及其语用充实。结合日常言语交际,作者首先指出词语、结构甚至话语理解中的信息松散现象以及松散的层级关系,意在说明交际中普遍存在的非刻意用法和近似用法或松散用法;分析表明,语境中词汇、结构或整个话语所传递的信息可能出现多个选项,或出现程度、等级、范围等的伸缩,造成信息理解的不确定性、信息指示的多向性;在此基础上,作者提出"语用松散"的概念与定义,并构建了词汇信息传递的基本路向和该信息处理的语用充实过程,并从信息理解的角度探析了语境下松散信息的语用充实。Looseness and literalness are considered two essential features of lexical items in use.How their semantic multiplicity or indeterminacy arises and is specified in context has thus been the focus of the present study.The author argues that,different from what Carston(2002) and Wilson(2004a,2004b) claim,pragmatic enrichment includes both narrowing/strengthening and broadening/extending and that it is a process of choosing the contextual meaning from loose meanings of a lexical item or of working out its broadened meaning either approximately or metaphorically.The author then examines how looseness of those lexical meanings creates flexibility in degree,scale and scope in utterance interpretation and,in this process,how pragmatic enrichment is involved.

关 键 词：松散性 近似信息 非刻意性 语用充实 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]