基于GIS的北京市建筑密度空间分布规律研究  

A Study on Site Coverage Spatial Distribution Pattern of Beijing City Based on Gis

作　　者：李丽华[1] 郑新奇[1] 象伟宁 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学土地科学技术学院,北京100083 [2]University of North Carolina at Charlotte,North Carolina 28223 USA

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2008年第1期122-127,共6页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:40571119);国家社会科学基金资助项目(编号:07BZZ015);国家科技支撑项目资助课题(编号:2006BAB15803);中国地质大学(北京)人才基金资助项目(编号:51900912300)

摘　　要：城市发展状况在很大程度上反映在建筑物的空间分布上,研究建筑分布特点可以为城市规划、土地利用规划等提供指导。在突破以往建筑密度建成区的空间范围局限性的基础上,在GIS软件支持下,以2.0km×2.0km的样方为统计单元,利用样方中的建筑物基底面积/样方面积来统一计算整个北京市的建筑密度,通过分析建筑密度分布图来研究北京市建筑密度总体空间分布特征。通过绘制以天安门旗杆为中心的8个不同方向的剖面、卫星城之间的10个剖面以及将建筑密度与主要环线道路进行叠加进一步来详细分析建筑密度的空间变化特征。结果显示,北京市建筑密度等级类型空间分布图直观反映出了北京市建设已经从"单中心"模式发展转移为"多中心"发展模式,其主要发展区域主要集中平原地区,而西部、北部山区的建筑密度普遍较低。The development of a city was to a large extent reflected in its construction distribution. Study of characteristics of the city construction distribution provided guidance for urban planning and land intensive use. In this paper, with the help of MapinfoV7.0 and Arcview3.3, grids of 2. Okm were made as statistical units to calculate the building density of Beijing beyond the build-up areas to keep spatial continuity. Contours of building density were created to analyze its spatial distribution pattern. We obtained 8 sections of different directions which taken the flagpole of Tian＇ anmen Square as center and ten sections between satellite towns and we also overlaid the building density contours with main roads in order to more accurately analyze the spatial change characters of building density. The results indicated that spatial grade distribution map of building density can visually reflected the construction of Beijing which had been transformed from ＂one center＂ to ＂multiple nuclei＂ and the developing regions mainly located in the plain areas as the building density of west and north mountainous regions were much lower.

关 键 词：样方 北京 建筑密度 空间分析 城乡结合部 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]