盐度对施氏鲟幼鱼消化酶活力的影响  

Effects of salinity on digestive enzyme activities of juvenile Acipenser schrenckii

作　　者：庄平[1,2] 章龙珍[1] 田宏杰[1,2] 赵峰[1,2] 宋超[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090 [2]上海高校水产养殖学E-研究院,上海水产大学生命科学与技术学院,上海200090

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2008年第2期198-203,共6页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家“863”高技术研究发展计划项目(2004AA603110);国家自然科学基金重大项目(30490234);上海市教育委员会E-研究院建设项目(E03009)

摘　　要：研究了盐度对施氏鲟幼鱼消化酶活力的影响。将施氏鲟(Acipenser schrenckii Brandt)幼鱼[初始体长(24.95±1.89)cm,初始体质量(117.80±16.72)g]分别在淡水(盐度0)、盐度10、盐度25条件下饲养10d,检测不同盐度下施氏鲟幼鱼消化器官(幽门盲囊、瓣肠、十二指肠、胃和肝脏)蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活力。结果表明:(1)在相同盐度条件下,不同消化器官中同种消化酶活力高低顺序不同。在不同消化器官中蛋白酶活力(淡水和盐度25时)及淀粉酶活力(淡水时)由大到小依次为幽门盲囊、瓣肠、十二指肠、胃和肝脏;蛋白酶活力(盐度10时)及淀粉酶活力(盐度10和25时)由大到小依次为瓣肠、幽门盲囊、十二指肠、胃和肝脏;在淡水和盐度10时脂肪酶活力由大到小依次为瓣肠、十二指肠、胃、肝脏和幽门盲囊;在盐度25时脂肪酶活力由大到小依次为瓣肠、十二指肠、肝脏、胃和幽门盲囊。(2)同种消化器官中不同盐度条件下同种消化酶的活力不同。幽门盲囊、十二指肠、胃和肝脏中的蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活力均在淡水中最高(P<0.05),盐度25中最低,说明盐度对以上消化器官中3种消化酶均具有抑制作用;瓣肠中蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活力均在盐度10下最高(P<0.05),说明一定的盐度对瓣肠中3种酶具有激活作用,但盐度过高则会抑制这些酶的活性。Influence of salinity on digestive enzyme activity of juvenile Acipenser schrenckii was investigated in this study. We measured and compared activities of three kinds of digestive enzymes （protease, amylase and lipase） in five digestive organs （pyloric caecum, ileum, duodenum, stomach and liver） of juvenile Acipenser schrenckii cultured in salinities 0, 10 and 25 for 10 days, respectively. During the experimental period, major environmental factors, such as water temperature, pH and DO, were measured once daily, and those environmental factors were controlled at the same levels in each experimental tank with temperature （20 ± 1） ℃, pH 7.5±0.5 and DO〉6.0 mg/L. Prior to sampling, fish were starved for 24 h and were then randomly killed for enzyme activity assay. The alimentary canal and liver were extracted on ice and cleaned with chilly saline water （0.65%）. The alimentary canal was divided into pyloric caecum, stomach, duodenum and ileum portions. The digestive organs were minced and homogenized respectively. Each homogenized sample was then centrifuged at 1 700 g for 20 min and the supernatant was collected and prepared for enzyme assay at 4 ℃. The results showed that： 1） The same digestive enzyme activity was different among digestive organs measured under the same salinity. The pyloric caecum had the greatest protease activity （in freshwater and salinity 25） and amylase （in freshwater）, followed by ileum, duodenum, stomach and liver, while the descending order of protease activity （in salinity 10） and amylase （in salinities 10 and 25 ） was ileum, pyloric caecum, duodenum, stomach and liver. For lipase activity, the rising order was pyloric caecum, liver, stomach, duodenum and ileum at freshwater and salinity 10. At salinity 25, the order remained except that, liver tissue had greater lipase activity than stomach. 2） The activity of the same digestive enzymes in the same digestive organs measured was different in different salinity. Pyloric caecum, duodenum, stomac

关 键 词：施氏鲟 盐度 蛋白酶 淀粉酶 脂肪酶 

分 类 号：S965.211[农业科学—水产养殖]