常用词“詈”“诟”“骂”的历史演变  

The historical evolvement of everyday expressions of Chinese: Li,Ma and Gou

作　　者：王浩垒[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学文学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《周口师范学院学报》2008年第1期116-118,共3页Journal of Zhoukou Normal University

摘　　要：表示"以粗野或恶意的话侮辱人;斥责"这一意义,先秦主要用"詈",而"诟"、"骂"则出现在相对较晚的春秋末期,"詈"、"骂"与"诟"之间词义略有不同;"骂"可能来源于方言口语词,在战国秦时开始与"詈"、"诟"竞争,汉初便在文献中占绝对优势。复音词"诟詈"、"骂詈"、"诟骂"是新旧成分的同义联合,三者在传世文献之中占有该义位的部分用量,其中"骂詈"使用的频率最高,且历代汉译佛经中多用"骂詈"。Li（詈） was mainly used for expressing the meaning ＂insult sb with rude or spiteful words; scold＂ in pre-Qin Dynasty（ 先秦）, and Gou（诟） .Ma （骂）appeared later in the late Chunqiu period （春秋）. These three words were something different in the meaning. Ma,which maybe come from regional words,began to contest against Li,Gou from Zhanguo（战国） to Qin（秦） Dynasty, and became the commonest of the three words just at the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty（ 西汉） that the documents can be proved. Gouli（诟詈）. Gouma（诟骂）. Mali（骂詈） were formed as disyllable by these three synonymous monosyllabic words. They took up some quantities of this meaning in historical documents, and among them, Mali was used most frequently, especially in the Buddhist scripture in history.

关 键 词：常用词 詈 诟 骂 历史演变 复音词 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]