铰接式装载机转向稳定性分析  

Analysis of Steering Stability of Articulated Loader

作　　者：李振通[1] 杜艳霞[2] 王长胜 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械学院 [2]河南交通职业技术学院 [3]郑州宇通重工有限公司,郑州市冉屯东路23号450051

出　　处：《工程机械》2008年第3期26-29,共4页Construction Machinery and Equipment

摘　　要：通过对ZL50G和ZL50E-1型装载机所采用的负荷传感液压转向系统的理论分析,在对有关参数进行实际计算和等效处理后,以转向稳定性较差的ZL50G型装载机为实际模型,利用MATLAB软件分别模拟实际高速、中速和低速转向工况,仿真分析了阀芯在3种阶跃输入下转向液压缸活塞输出位移的动态响应,定量地反映了转向稳定性差的程度大小:转向时活塞位移响应的最大峰值超过5mm,调整时间也超过5s。而同为5t的ZL50E-1型装载机,由于前后轴距分配不同,负载质量较小,在转向时达到稳定的最大调整时间短(小于0.5s),活塞的输出位移最大峰值也小(小于5mm),转向稳定性很好,说明由于转向负载质量减小,对转向稳定性的改善作用非常明显,位移响应的最大调整时间是关乎转向稳定性的最重要参数。说明了同吨位机型,由于前后轴距分配不同所造成的负载质量有较大差异,对转向稳定性有明显的影响,其值与实际测试相吻合,从而说明了理论分析和仿真的正确性,并可将转向缸活塞位移的响应作为评价转向稳定性的方法,对转向稳定性的设计和改善具有一定的指导意义。Through a theoretical analysis on load sensing hydraulic steering systems adopted on model ZL50G and model ZL50E-1 loaders, steering work situations in high, medium and low speeds are simulated with MATLAB software respectively on a practical model of ZL50G loader which is low in steering stability, after calculation or equivalent treatment on some related parameters. Dynamic responses of output displacement of steering cylinder piston are simulated and analyzed with the valve spool under three step inputs. Non-stability level of steering is reflected quantitatively: when steering, the maximum piston displacement response exceeds 5 mm while the adjustment time is also beyond 5 s. Whereas,for model ZL50E-1 loader in the same five tonnage class, due to different axle distance distribution, the steering load mass is relatively lower, so the maximum adjustment time to reach stability is shorter (less than 0.5 s) and the maximum piston output displacement is also lower (less than 5 mm) during steering and satisfactory steering stability is obtained. It shows that the decrease of steering load mass plays a significant role on steering stability improvement and the maximum adjustment time of displacement response is the most important parameter relating to steering stability. For machines in the same tonnage class, the steering load mass presents great difference due to different front and rear axle distance distribution, which exerts significant influence on steering stability and its value coincides with that in practical test so the correctness of theoretical analysis and simulation is verified. Displacement response of steering cylinder piston is applied to evaluate steering stability, which presents some instructive function for the design and improvement of steering stability.

关 键 词：铰接式装载机 转向稳定性 动态仿真 负载质量 

分 类 号：TH243[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]