超空泡航行体尾部流体动力特性试验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTER OF AFT SECTION OF UNDERWATER SUPERCAVITATING BODIES

作　　者：蒋增辉[1] 于开平[1] 张嘉钟[1] 王聪[1] 黄文虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学航天学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《工程力学》2008年第3期26-30,共5页Engineering Mechanics

摘　　要：在水洞中采用前支撑方式模型进行了通气超空泡试验,对不同的超空泡形态下超空泡航行体尾部阻力系数、升力系数及俯仰力矩系数的变化规律进行了研究,并对航行体有无攻角情况下的尾部流体特性进行了比较,获得了攻角对尾部流体动力特性的影响。研究表明,在空泡开始包裹到尾部天平时,随着空泡形态的增长,尾部阻力系数迅速下降,而升力系数和俯仰力矩系数则迅速上升。当空泡将航行体上表面包裹,而下表面沾湿时,阻力系数减小趋势变平缓,而升力系数和俯仰力矩系数则均到达峰值。当空泡完全包裹航行体时,升力系数和俯仰力矩系数迅速回落至零值附近,此时阻力系数在零值附近变化不大。攻角1度情况下的航行体尾部阻力系数减小幅度与无攻角时相比明显降低,最大升力系数和俯仰力矩系数均远大于无攻角情况。In a cavitation tunnel, a series of experiments were conducted to investigate the hydrodynamic drag, lift and moment character of the aft section of underwater supercavitating bodies at the different supercavity shapes. Hydrodynamic character of the aft section between one degree and zero degree angle of vehicle attack is compared. The investigation shows when the supercavity is closed to the balance, with the development of supercavity, the drag coefficient of the aft section decreases rapidly, while lift coefficient and moment coefficient increase sharply. When the supercavity covers above area of vehicle and the underside is still wetted, drag coefficient decreases slightly, and lift coefficient and moment coefficient increase up to the peak value. When supercavity covers all the vehicle, lift coefficient and moment coefficient decrease sharply, and drag coefficient changes little about zero. The drag reduction range of the aft section at one degree angle of attack is obviously smaller than that at zero degree angle of attack, and the maximal lift coefficient and moment coefficient at one degree angle of attack are much larger.

关 键 词：流体力学 通气超空泡 水洞试验 流体动力特性 水下航行体 

分 类 号：TV131.32[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]