初始血压水平对青少年远期血压变化及高血压发生的影响  

Association between higher blood pressure level in children and adult blood pressure： 18 years follow-up results

作　　者：牟建军[1] 刘治全[1] 杨军 任洁[1] 刘卫民[1] 徐祥麟 熊素娥 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院,710061 [2]陕西汉中市心血管病研究所

出　　处：《中华心血管病杂志》2008年第3期229-231,共3页Chinese Journal of Cardiology

基　　金：国家“863”高技术研究发展计划“十五”专项（2002BA711A08）

摘　　要：目的探索初始血压水平对青少年远期血压变化及高血压发生的影响。方法1987年在陕西汉中农村4623名6～15岁在校学生进行血压等相关因素调查的基础上，根据初始3次血压测量，收缩压持续稳定在该年龄、性别血压百分位数75以上者为血压偏高组，3次血压测量收缩压持续稳定在该年龄、性别血压百分位数50以下者为血压正常对照组。共有292名儿童进入队列（其中血压偏高组152名，血压正常对照组140名）。2005年对该队列组样本进行随访。结果总随访率70．2％，其中血压偏高组随访率70．4％，对照组随访率70．0％；基线血压偏高组，18年后随访不仅收缩压、舒张压仍显著高于基线血压对照组，而且前者发生高血压（≥140／90mmHg，1mmHg=0．133kPa）的概率是后者的6．88倍（28．0％对4．1％，P〈0．01）。结论初始血压百分位偏高儿童，远期高血压发生率显著增加，是青年高血压发病重要易患因素。Objective Essential hypertension may begin at childhood. The aim of this study is to identify the risk factors of hypertension and detect the evolvement tracking of blood pressure in childhood. Methods In this study, we followed up blood pressure changes in 4623 school children （6-15 years-old） from 1987 to 2005 in Hanzhong rural area. A total of 152 children were grouped to higher blood pressure group [ systolic blood pressure （PSBP） ≥75^th （P75）] and 140 children grouped to normal blood pressure group [ PSBP 〈 50^th （ P50 ） ] and their blood pressure were re-measure 18-years later. Results The total follow-up rate was 70.2%. Follow-up blood pressure was significantly higher in higher blood pressure group at baseline than that in normal blood pressure group at baseline （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The hypertension rate at follow up was significantly higher in higher blood pressure group at baseline than that in normal blood pressure group at baseline （28.0% vs. 4.1% ,P 〈 0.01 ）. The risk for hypertension was 6.88 greater in higher blood pressure group at baseline than that in normal blood pressure group at baseline. Conclusions Higher blood pressure at childhood is a risk of developing hypertension at adulthood.

关 键 词：青少年 血压 危险因素 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]