黑土中镉、铅的化学形态分布及其植物效应研究  

Distribution of different forms of Cd and Pb and their collective effect on plants in the black soils of Northeast China

作　　者：曹会聪[1] 栾兆擎[1] 王金达[1] 张学林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2008年第2期312-317,共6页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点基础研究(973)发展规划项目(2004CB418502);中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所青年博士基金;中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-SW-19-4-01)资助

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验和连续形态分析方法研究了黑土中Cd、Pb的化学形态特征及其与油菜生长及吸收Cd、Pb量的关系。结果表明,随土壤Cd、Pb含量的增加,Cd交换态含量增幅较大,而Pb碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态含量增幅较大,交换态Pb含量相对较低。随土壤Cd、Pb含量的增加,油菜地上、地下部分的Cd、Pb含量呈递增趋势,但增加速度随土壤Cd、Pb含量的升高而递减。地下部分Cd、Pb含量远高于地上部分的含量。与Pb相比,Cd向地上部分的迁移率较大,其毒害作用更强。土壤中Cd、Pb各形态含量与油菜地下、地上部分吸收的Cd、Pb量均显著相关,碳酸盐结合态对油菜吸收Cd、Pb的贡献最大。Characteristics of chemical forms of cadmium （Cd） and lead （Pb） in the black soils of Northeast China were studied using sequential extraction method. Relations between the forms of Cd and Pb and the growth and extent of metal accumulation in the cole were analyzed. The results show that the concentration of all forms of Cd and Pb increases in the soil with increased dosage of Cd and Pb. There is a remarkable increase in exchangeable Cd and carbonate-bound and Fe-Mn oxide-bound Pb. There is also a relatively low increase in exchangeable Pb. Root and shoot Cd and Pb content increases with increased concentration of Cd and Pb in the s t）il, while their rate of augment decreases with increasing concentration of Cd and Pb in the soil. Cd and Pb content are generally greater in roots than in shoots, but more Cd accumulates in the shoots. A significant positive correlation is observed between all the forms of soil Cd and Pb concentration and those of cole. Among all the chemical forms of Cd and Pb, the carbonate-bound form plays the greatest role in the absorbability of cole to the two metals.

关 键 词：CD PB 黑土 油菜 化学形态 植物吸收 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]