节水栽培冬小麦光合器官遮光对籽粒蛋白质形成的影响  

Effects of Darkening Photosynthetic Organs on Grain Protein Synthesis of Winter Wheat in Water-saving Cultivation

作　　者：方保停[1] 张胜全[1] 王敏[1] 张英华[1] 王志敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2008年第2期266-270,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2006BAD02A13-2-1);"863"节水农业项目

摘　　要：为明确冬小麦光合器官与籽粒蛋白质形成的关系,通过大田试验和遮光的方法,研究了节水栽培条件下冬小麦石家庄8号不同光合器官对籽粒粒重、蛋白质及其组分含量的影响。结果表明,节水栽培条件下,穗遮光对粒重的降低效应最大,旗叶遮光次之,倒二叶遮光降低粒重的效应最小,且三者的降低效应均不同程度地受施氮量的影响。与不遮光相比,光合器官遮光增加了籽粒蛋白质含量,而降低了单穗蛋白质总量,遮光的调节效应也因器官和施氮水平而有差异。与不遮光相比,光合器官遮光增加了籽粒清蛋白、球蛋白含量,降低了麦谷蛋白含量,而穗遮光降低了籽粒醇溶蛋白含量,旗叶和倒二叶遮光增加了醇溶蛋白含量。可见,不同光合器官对籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量的影响是不同的。Many papers have reported that nitrogen fertilizer has significant effect on photosynthetic rate, the metabolism of C and N in leaf and non-leaf organ of winter wheat and nitrogen fertilizer or other factors may improve the nutrition quality and processing quality of grain. In order to define the relationship between grain protein development and photosynthetic organ, the effect of different organ on grain weight, concentration and components of protein of Shijiazhuang 8（a winter wheat cultivar with high yield） was investigated with the technique of darkening under water-saving cultivation. It indicated that negative effect of darkening ear on grain weight was higher than that of darkening flag leaf and the second leaf, and the negative effect of darkening different photosynthetic organ was affected by rate of nitrogen application under water-saving cultivation. Compared with no darkening, the protein concentration of grain increased but the protein content of ear decreased with darkening photosynthetic organs, and the effect was different at different nitrogen application rates. The concentration of albumin and globulin of grain increased and that of glutenin reduced while darkening photosynthetic organs. The concentration of gliadin of grain increased with darkening ear and decreased with darkening flag leaf or the second leaf. It was obvious that darkening different photosynthetic organs had different effect on grain weight and grain protein under water-saving cultivation.

关 键 词：冬小麦 遮光 粒重 蛋白质及其组分 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S318