伊壁鸠鲁哲学的生死观  

Epicurus Philosophy on the View of Life and Death

作　　者：解西伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]大庆石油学院人文科学学院,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2008年第2期117-121,共5页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：古希腊晚期哲学家伊壁鸠鲁从原子论出发来探讨人的生死问题,针对当时宗教的灵魂不灭的观点,伊壁鸠鲁提出了死亡的必然性,从而摆脱了宗教对个人内在生活的束缚,并由此提出了他的关于现世生活的最重要的思想:快乐主义。但伊壁鸠鲁强调快乐的生活并非指的是物质或肉体的享受,而是心灵的安宁和平静,他认为要想达到这一点必须从以下两个方面着手:一是现世生活中的人与人之间的和谐相处即宽容,另一方面即是做到对物质生活的自足和对欲望的节制。和其他哲学家不同,伊壁鸠鲁是通过阐述自己对于生与死的观点来治疗他所认为的个人内在生活的疾病,使人获得真正的自由。Epicurus, late philosopher of ancient Greece, researched into the problems on life and death on the basis of atomism. Being against the view of religionary undead spirit, Epicurus put forward the necessity of death, which consequently got rid of the bondage that religion impacted on individual immanent life. Also he put forward his significant opinions about temporal life-hedonism. The happy life, which Epicurus emphasized wasn＇t the material and carnal enjoyment, but the quiet and equanimity of soul. If one wanted to reach this, he thought one had to deal with it from two aspects： one was that people in temporal life could get along with each other harmoniously （that is tolerance）; the other was that one should satisfy with material life and refrain from desire. Unlike other philosophers,Epicurus treated the disease on individual immanent life by claiming the view of life and death, so as to make people gain the real liberty.

关 键 词：伊壁鸠鲁 死亡 快乐主义 自由 

分 类 号：B502[哲学宗教—外国哲学]