土壤中恩诺沙星的吸附-解吸特性和生物学效应  

Adsorption-desorption Characteristics and Biological Effects of Enrofloxacin in Agricultural Soils

作　　者：王丽平[1] 章明奎[1] 郑顺安[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院资源科学系,浙江杭州310029

出　　处：《土壤通报》2008年第2期393-397,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：教育部博士学科点专项科研基金(20060335018)

摘　　要：抗生素药物残留对生存环境的影响已受到人们广泛的关注。本文研究了我国应用较为广泛的抗生素恩诺沙星在几种农业土壤中的吸附和解吸特性及其对土壤微生物区系和有机碳矿化的影响。结果表明,土壤对恩诺沙星具有较强的吸附作用,残留在土壤中的低量恩诺沙星主要被吸附在固体颗粒上,不易释放和随水迁移。但残留在土壤中的恩诺沙星可影响土壤微生物数量和有机碳的矿化。低浓度的恩诺沙星可刺激土壤微生物活性,增加土壤有机碳的矿化;高浓度的恩诺沙星则会抑制土壤微生物活性和有机碳的矿化。恩诺沙星对土壤生物学性质影响的持续时间较短,约10天左右,这可能与土壤对恩诺沙星具强吸附作用及恩诺沙星在土壤中自然降解削弱了其活性等有关。Antibiotics used in livestock production may be present in manure and slurry as the parent compound and/or metabolites. The environments may therefore be exposed to these antibiotics due to the application of animal manure to agricultural land. In order to understand the potential effects of antibiotics-contained animal manure application on agricultural soils, laboratory studies were conducted to characterize enrofloxacin （CI9H22FN303）, an antibiotic widely used to prevent animal infectious diseases in China, with regard to its adsorption-desorption behavior and biological effects in four agricultural soils. The results showed that enrofloxacin could be strongly absorbed by the soils. The most enrofloxacin entered in soils was combined with soil solid phase, and it had low mobility in the soils. Enrofloxacin residues in the soils had significant effects on numbers of bacteria, actinomyces, and fungi, and organic carbon mineralization in the soils. Low residues concentration of enrofloxacin could stimulate the activity of microbes, respiration and organic carbon mineralization in the soils, while high residues concentration of enrofloxacin had the inhibitory effects on the activity of microbes, respiration and organic carbon mineralization in the soils. The effects of enrofloxacin on soil microbes, and organic carbon mineralization decreased with increasing the incubation time. The decreased effects may be due to strong adsorption of the soils to enrofloxacin and degradation of enrofloxacin in the soils.

关 键 词：恩诺沙星 吸附-解吸 土壤微生物 有机碳矿化 生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]