植物排放的羰基化合物及其与大气的交换  

The researches of carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere and its exchange between plants and the atmosphere

作　　者：黄娟[1] 冯艳丽[1] 傅家谟[1,2] 盛国英[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学环化学院环境污染与健康研究所,上海200072 [2]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《生态环境》2008年第1期428-433,共6页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40503012;40773047);上海市科委重点资助项目(052112032)

摘　　要：综述了植物来源的羰基化合物的研究结果,并着重总结了植物与大气之间羰基化合物的交换研究。羰基化合物在植物与大气之间的交换包括植物本身排放羰基化合物、羰基化合物沉降到植物叶片以及植物对羰基化合物的吸收和代谢3个过程。在植物周围空气中羰基化合物的浓度与交换补偿点的关系决定交换的方向:羰基化合物是被植物排放到大气中,还是沉降到植物叶面。当其在空气中的浓度低于补偿点时,植物排放羰基化合物;而当其在空气中的浓度高于补偿点时,羰基化合物沉降到植物叶面。作者还提出,与人类生活密切相关的景观植物的排放应受到格外的重视。利用植物代谢有害污染物的能力来净化空气,是植物修复技术在大气污染环境中的应用。筛选吸收、代谢污染物强的植物种类,科学搭配种类组成,建立不同类型的人工植物群落,以实现最佳植物净化效果。将环境科学与生态学、遗传学等多学科结合起来,探索更为理想的植物修复方法是未来的主要研究方向。Biogenic carbonyl compounds emitted from vegetations are reviewed and the emphasis is placed on the study of bi-directional exchange of carbonyl compounds between plants and the atmosphere. The bi-directional exchange of carbonyl compounds is consisted of three parts： carbonyl compounds emission from plants, their deposition onto the leaf surfaces of plants, and the absorption and metabolism of plants. Whether plants emission or deposition onto the leaf surfaces is determined by the relationship between the carbonyl compounds concentrations in the ambient atmosphere and the compensation points, when the carbonyl compounds concentrations in the ambient atmosphere are below the compensation points, plants would emit them, and when the concentrations are above the compensation points, the deposition would happen. More attention should be paid to the emissions of carbonyl compounds from landscape plants because they could affect our environment and health. Phytoremediation is applied to decontaminate atmosphere pollutants. The best effects of phytodecontamination could be achieved by screening the species which effectively metabolized pollutants, scientifically assembling plants and constructing different artificial community. In the future the main research interests are to explore new methods to decontaminate air pollutants by combining environmental science and ecology, genetics, etc.

关 键 词：羰基化合物 植物排放 双向交换 补偿点 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]