鸡CAST基因编码区的单核苷酸多态与肌纤维性状的相关研究  

Studies of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of CAST Gene and Its Association with Muscle Fiber Traits in Chicken

作　　者：刘安芳[1] 刘益平[1] 蒋小松[2] 李亮[1] 杜华瑞[2] 朱庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院 [2]四川省畜牧科学研究院,成都610066

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2008年第4期437-442,共6页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：四川省畜禽育种攻关项目资助(01NG002-06)

摘　　要：为了探讨CAST基因作为影响鸡肌肉嫩度性状候选基因的可能性,本研究以四川大恒家禽育种有限公司培育的优质鸡新品系为试验材料,采用PCR-SSCP方法对鸡钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白(Calpastatin,CAST)基因的部分编码区进行单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)检测。结果发现了1个多态性位点(G→T),且在试验鸡群中检测出AA、BB和AB 3种基因型。利用SAS(8.01)软件统计分析了3种基因型与优质鸡肌纤维性状的相关性。结果表明:CAST基因的多态性对鸡肌纤维密度和直径有着显著的影响(P<0.05),同日龄鸡群AA型个体的肌纤维密度高于AB型、肌纤维直径低于AB型,且均达到显著水平(P<0.05),而AA与BB型、BB与AB型间差异不显著(P>0.05);同体重鸡群BB型个体的肌纤维密度高于AB型、肌纤维直径低于AB型,且均达到显著水平(P<0.05),而AA与BB型、AA与AB型间差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验结果提示:CAST基因对鸡肌纤维性状具有重要作用,推测可以利用该位点对鸡肌肉嫩度性状进行标记辅助选择。Calpastatin（CAST） has profound effects on the muscle growth and tenderness. It was indicated that calpastatin could affect the protein metabolism of poultry. In order to investigate the effect of calpastatin gene on muscle tenderness traits of chicken, the adequate quality broilers new strains bred by Sichuan Daheng pourty breed limited company were used. The single nucleo- tide polymorphisms （SNPs） were detected by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing. A SNP site（G→ T） was found in coding region of CAST gene. The different genotypes detected by PCR-SSCP were defined as AA, BB and AB. Correlation between genetype and chicken muscle fiber traits was analyzed with SAS 8.01. The statistics analysis results showed that the CAST polymorphism was significant related to the muscle fiber density （MFN） and diameter （MFD）（P〈0.05）. And the chicken in identical day with the genotype of AA has a higher MFN and lower MFD than those with the genotype of AB（P〈0.05）, while there was no significant difference between the genetypes of BB and AA/AB（P〉0.05）. The chicken in identical body weight with the genotype of BB has a higher MFN and a lower MFD than those with the genotype of AB（P〈0.05）, while there was no significant difference between the genetypes of AA and AB/BB（P〉0.05）. The results indicated that the CAST gene might play an important role in chicken muscle fiber formation. The significant correlation between CAST and development of muscle fiber suggested that this gene is a good marker in marker assisted selection program for muscle tenderness traits.

关 键 词：鸡 CAST基因 PCR—SSCP 肌纤维密度 肌纤维直径 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]