现代汉语复音词义项关系及多义词与同音形词的分野  

The Relationship among the Meaning Items of Disyllabic Word and the Boundary between Polyseme and Perfect Homonym

作　　者：张博[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学对外汉语研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《语言研究》2008年第1期11-18,共8页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"现代汉语多义词研究"(04BYY025)

摘　　要：从词源和现时语感双重限定的基本原则出发,着眼于语素的同一性可将同一复音词形所载诸义的关系概括为完全无关、部分无关和相关三种基本形态;语素间的结构关系、语素义与词义的关系、语素义的距离和生存度等对同素异义型复合词义项关系有不同程度的影响;根据义项关系的疏密可将复音词义项相关度确定为高度相关、中度相关、低度相关、部分无关、完全无关五个等级,现代汉语复音多义词与同音形词的界限应当划在义项中度相关和低度相关的词之间。Based on both etymology and intuitiveness, the relationships among the meaning items of a disyllabic word are divided into three kinds completely independent, partly independent and dependent. It is found out that some elements such as the structure between the morphemes, the relationship between the meaning of the morphemes and the meaning of the word, the distance between the meanings of the morphemes and the using frequency of the meanings of a morpheme, etc. have different effects on the relationships of the meaning items of a polysemic word with the same morphemes but different meanings. According to whether it is closely connected, the meaning items of a disyllabic word are categorized into five levels： （1） highly correlative, （2） intermediately correlative, （3） low-degreed correlative, （4） partly independent and （5） completely independent. And the boundary between the disyllabic word and the perfect homonym should be placed between intermediately correlative meaning and low-degreed correlative meaning.

关 键 词：复音词 同音形词 多义词 同素异义型多义词 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语]