KOH与NaOH活化法所制活性炭孔结构及电化学性能的比较  

COMPARISONS OF PORE STRUCTURE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCES OF CARBONS ACTIVATED BY KOH AND NaOH

作　　者：谢应波[1] 张维燕[1] 张睿[1] 成果[1] 张传祥[1] 凌立成[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学化学工程联合国家重点实验室,联合化学反应工程研究所,上海200237

出　　处：《炭素技术》2008年第2期9-14,共6页Carbon Techniques

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50672025)

摘　　要：采用沥青焦为原料,以KOH和NaOH化学活化法制备出不同碱炭质量比(R)系列活性炭。用氮气吸附和脱附等温线计算出BET比表面积、DFT孔径分布及孔容,并且通过直流循环充放电、循环伏安等表征方法研究了其电化学性能。实验结果表明,R值对所制活性炭的BET比表面积、DFT孔径分布及孔容均有良好的调控作用。KOH化学活化法对孔径分布调节更加明显,当R=5时所制活性炭微孔含量从R=3时的73.08%下降到46.15%。KOH活化法所制活性炭具有更大的质量比电容,其最大值分别为278.1F/g(3mol/LKOH)、174.5F/g(1mol/L(C2H5)4NBF4/PropyleeneCarbonate(PC))。NaOH活化法所制活性炭则具有更大的体积比电容和单位比表面积比电容,其值分别达143.0F/cm3、21.46μF/cm2(3mol/LKOH)。A series of petroleum coke - based activated carbons （ACs） were prepared by chemical activation method in different ratio of KOH or NaOH to petroleum coke （R）. Pore properties of these activated carbons including the BET specific surface area, pore size distribution and pore volume were characterized by DFT method based on N2 adserption/deserption isotherm. Electrochemical performances of these activated carbons were characterized by galvanostatic charge/discharge, cyclic vohammetry and ect. It was found that the ratio R can control the BET specific surface area and DFT pore size distribution welL When R was equal to 5, the percentage of micropores was 46. 15% which is much lower than 73.08% when R=3. The results shows that the activated carbons prepared by KOH activation can obtain the maximum quality specific capacitance which were equal to 278. 1 F/g and 174. 5 F/g in 3 mol/L KOH aqueous medium and 1 mol/L （G2H5） ,4NBF4/Propyleene Carbonate （PC） non-aqueous medium, respectively; and yet the activated carbons prepared by NaOH activation can obtain the maximum volume and unit surface area specific capacitances which were equal to 143.0 F/cm^3 and 21.46 μF/cm^2 in 3 mol/L KOH aqueous medium, respectively.

关 键 词：活性炭 化学活化 比表面积 超级电容器 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程]