ADHD儿童在钟表绘画测验中的执行功能特征  

The Executive Function Characteristics of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Clock Drawing Test

作　　者：王梦龙[1] 静进[1] 黄旭[1] 邹小兵[2] 窦萍珍[3] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院妇幼系,广州510080 [2]中山大学附属三院儿童发育行为医学中心,广州510630 [3]中山大学附属小学校,广州510275

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2007年第1期14-16,共3页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的研究ADHD儿童在钟表绘画(CDT)测试中体现出的执行功能特征。方法对60例ADHD儿童和60例正常对照儿童进行CDT测试,综合分析两组儿童的大脑额叶执行功能的差异。结果ADHD儿童在CDT测试中的时间总分和构造总分低于对照组(3.23±1.40/4.15±0.78,11.2±1.48/11.90±0.76,t=7.742、5.073,P<0.01)。在给定十字位相标定点(3、6、9、12点)后ADHD儿童的钟面构造得分高于给定标定点之前(11.93±0.95/11.19±1.48,t=5.645,P<0.001),但时间设置评分却没有明显的提高(P>0.05)。结论ADHD儿童CDT测试得分偏低体现了其存在计划性、注意调控功能和工作记忆的缺陷,这些缺陷的核心问题是执行功能的缺陷。Objective： To study the eExecutive fFunctions Characteristics of Cchildren with Aattention dDeficit hHyperactivity Ddisorder in Cclock Ddrawing Ttest. Methods： 60 ADHD children and 60 normal children awere tested by CDT. Then analyze the data to detect the difference of Executive Functions of two growps. Results： ADHD group geot significant lower scores than control group on both time total score （data） and clock face structure score. （3.23 ± 1.40/4. 15 ± 0. 78, 11.2 ± 1.48/11.90 ± 0. 76, t = 7. 742, 5. 073, P 〈 0. 01 ） . tThe score of clock face construction are significantly increased when present 3, 6, 9 and 12 hour point to ADHD group beforehand. （ 11.93 ±0. 95/ 11.19 ± 1.48, t =5. 645, P 〈 0. 001 ） . However, the score of time setting does not increase significantly. （P 〉 0.05 ） . Conclusions： the lower score in CDT showed that ADHD child have some weaknesses in planning , in attention regulating and in working memory. The core of these weaknesses is failing of execute function.

关 键 词：注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD) 钟表绘画测验(CDT) 执行功能 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]